What value would be obtained for MSwithin-groups?
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- Consider the following studies. Study I: A researcher randomly divided 200 high school students into two groups. The first group was told to not exercise. The second group was told to exercise at least 5 hours each week. At the end of two months, the heart rates of each participant in each group were measured at rest. It was found that the group that exercised 5 hours a week had a significantly lower average heart rate. Study II: A researcher gathered 200 high school students randomly, asked them how long they exercised each week, and then measured their heart rates at rest. It was found that students who exercised at least 5 hours a week had a significantly lower average heart rate. Part A: Which study was experimental? Why? Study IStudy II Part B: List the explanatory and response variables in the studies. Explanatory: heart rate; Response: exercise timeExplanatory: student; Response: amount of exerciseExplanatory: exercise time; Response: heart rate Part C: State whether the…A psychologist would like to research if the Hope scale (Synder, et al., 1991) scores differ between those living in City A and City B. The 12-item scale consisted of two subscales: a 6-item agency subscale and a 6-item pathways subscales. Scores on the 12 items were averaged, with higher scores indicating higher levels of hope. The following scores were obtained. Use Student’s t Test for Independent Groups, alpha at .05 2 tail City A 43 38 36 38 52 60 58 66 55 63 City B 62 34 35 52 58 72 57 55 80 67 Alternative hypothesis: ____________ Null hypothesis: ____________ t obtained: ____________ t critical: ____________ df: ____________ Cohen’s d: ____________ P value: ____________ Decision: ____________ Solution:6) The following data summarize the results from an independent-measures study comparing three treatment conditions. Treatment II 3. 6. N= 12 10 G = 60 1 10 EX = 392 1 5. 6. M = 3 M = 4 M= 8 T= 12 T= 16 T= 32 SS = 8 SS = 12 SS = 16 a) Use an ANOVA with a = .05 to determine whether there are any significant differences among the three treatment means. b) Calculate n² to measure the effect size for this study. c) Write a sentence demonstrating how a research report would present the results of the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size. 3.
- Acne is a common skin disease that affects most adolescents and can continue into adulthood. A study compared the effectiveness of three acne treatments and a placebo, all in gel form, applied twice daily for 12 weeks. The study's 517 teenage volunteers were randomly assigned to one of the four treatments. Success was assessed as clear or almost clear skin at the end of the 12 week period. The results of the study can be seen in the table below. Using the appropriate statistical test, determine if there is significant evidence that the four treatments perform differently. If so, how do they compare.The following data are from an independent-measures experiment comparing two treatment conditions: Treatment 1 Treatment 2 6 19 13 9 8 18 4 10 13 12 4 14 11 19 5 11 Which variables are described in this scenario and what are their scales of measurement? Which test should you use?A new medication for lowering blood pressure is being tested. Sample 1 has systolic blood pressures for the control group and sample 2 has systolic blood pressures for the experimental group. obs # Sample 1 Sample 2 1 156 154 153 143 155 146 4 151 139 5 157 146 The following questions have to do with a 2-sided test of significance at a=5% to determine if there is a significant difference between the groups. What type of test is this? How many degrees of freedom? What is the absolute value (positive) of the test statistic in step 4 to 2 decimal places? Find the p-value to 4 decimal places. Should you reject the null at 5%? Find the margin of error for a 95% confidence interval on the difference in means to two decimal places. 3.
- An independent measure research study compares three treatment conditions using a sample of n=5, in each treatment. For this study the samples have SS1= 20, SS2= 30, SS= 40. What value would be obtained for MS within?7) Two brands of cigarettes are selected, and their nicotine content is compared. The data are shown below.Test the claim that the population mean nicotine in the two brands are different. Use α = .01State the hypotheses for each of the three separate tests included in the two-factor ANOVA.
- 6. A clinical trial is conducted comparing a new pain reliever for arthritis to a placebo. Participants are randomly assigned to receive the new treatment or a placebo and the outcome is pain relief within 30 minutes. The data are shown in Table 7–54. Is there a significant difference in the proportions of patients reporting pain relief? Run the test at a 5% level of significance.13.38 An experiment is conducted in which 4 treat- ments are to be compared in 5 blocks. The data are given below. Block 3 11.7 10.7 11.0 Treatment 2 4 5 12.8 10.6 11.7 14.2 11.8 9.9 13.8 3 4 11.5 14.7 13.6 10.7 15.9 12.6 16.5 15.4 9.6 17.1 (a) Assuming a random effects model, test the hypoth- esis, at the 0.05 level of significance, that there is no difference between treatment means. (b) Compute estimates of the treatment and block vari- ance components.An independent-measures study uses two samples, each with n = 7, to compare two treatment conditions. The t statistic for this study will have degrees of freedom equal to the following value. A. 14 B. 13 C. 12 D. 6
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