Consider the following studies. Study I: A researcher randomly divided 200 high school students into two groups. The first group was told to not exercise. The second group was told to exercise at least 5 hours each week. At the end of two months, the heart rates of each participant in each group were measured at rest. It was found that the group that exercised 5 hours a week had a significantly lower average heart rate. Study II: A researcher gathered 200 high school students randomly, asked them how long they exercised each week, and then measured their heart rates at rest. It was found that students who exercised at least 5 hours a week had a significantly lower average heart rate. Part A: Which study was experimental? Why? Study I Study II Part B: List the explanatory and response variables in the studies. Explanatory: heart rate; Response: exercise time Explanatory: student; Response: amount of exercise Explanatory: exercise time; Response: heart rate Part C: State whether the variables in the studies were quantitative or categorical/qualitative. Explanatory: categorical; Response: categorical Explanatory: quantitative; Response: categorical Explanatory: categorical; Response: quantitative Explanatory: quantitative; Response: quantitative Part D: Identify a flaw in Study I. The participants should not have been told how much to exercise. The participants' heart rates should have been measured both before and after the study. The participants should not have been randomly assigned to groups.
Consider the following studies.
Study I: A researcher randomly divided 200 high school students into two groups. The first group was told to not exercise. The second group was told to exercise at least 5 hours each week. At the end of two months, the heart rates of each participant in each group were measured at rest. It was found that the group that exercised 5 hours a week had a significantly lower average heart rate.
Study II: A researcher gathered 200 high school students randomly, asked them how long they exercised each week, and then measured their heart rates at rest. It was found that students who exercised at least 5 hours a week had a significantly lower average heart rate.
Part A: Which study was experimental? Why?
Study I
Study II
Part B: List the explanatory and response variables in the studies.
Explanatory: heart rate; Response: exercise time
Explanatory: student; Response: amount of exercise
Explanatory: exercise time; Response: heart rate
Part C: State whether the variables in the studies were quantitative or categorical/qualitative.
Explanatory: categorical; Response: categorical
Explanatory: quantitative; Response: categorical
Explanatory: categorical; Response: quantitative
Explanatory: quantitative; Response: quantitative
Part D: Identify a flaw in Study I.
The participants should not have been told how much to exercise.
The participants' heart rates should have been measured both before and after the study.
The participants should not have been randomly assigned to groups.
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