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What species is the most electrophilic? H₂O (A) H₂0Ⓡ (B) NH3 (C) H3COH (D)

What species is the most electrophilic? H₂O (A) H₂0Ⓡ (B) NH3 (C) H3COH (D)

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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**Question: What species is the most electrophilic?** **Options:** (A) \( H_2O \) (B) \( H_3O^+ \) (C) \( NH_3 \) (D) \( H_3COH \) **Analysis:** Each box represents a different chemical species. Electrophilicity refers to the ability of a species to accept an electron pair, often associated with a positive charge or partial positive charge. **Option A:** \( H_2O \) (Water) - Neutral molecule with no significant positive charge. **Option B:** \( H_3O^+ \) (Hydronium Ion) - Positively charged species and hence very electrophilic. **Option C:** \( NH_3 \) (Ammonia) - Neutral molecule, similar considerations as option A. **Option D:** \( H_3COH \) (Methanol) - Neutral molecule with no significant positive charge. **Conclusion:** The species \( H_3O^+ \) (Hydronium Ion) is the most electrophilic among the given options because it carries a positive charge, making it more likely to accept electrons.
Transcribed Image Text:**Question: What species is the most electrophilic?** **Options:** (A) \( H_2O \) (B) \( H_3O^+ \) (C) \( NH_3 \) (D) \( H_3COH \) **Analysis:** Each box represents a different chemical species. Electrophilicity refers to the ability of a species to accept an electron pair, often associated with a positive charge or partial positive charge. **Option A:** \( H_2O \) (Water) - Neutral molecule with no significant positive charge. **Option B:** \( H_3O^+ \) (Hydronium Ion) - Positively charged species and hence very electrophilic. **Option C:** \( NH_3 \) (Ammonia) - Neutral molecule, similar considerations as option A. **Option D:** \( H_3COH \) (Methanol) - Neutral molecule with no significant positive charge. **Conclusion:** The species \( H_3O^+ \) (Hydronium Ion) is the most electrophilic among the given options because it carries a positive charge, making it more likely to accept electrons.
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