What sampling distribution will you use? O binomial O normal O Student's t O uniform O chi-square What are the degrees of freedom? (c) Estimate the P value of the sample test stat istic. O P-value > 0.100 O 0,050 < p value < 0.100 O 0.025 < p value < 0.050 O 0.010 < p-value < 0.025 O 0.005 < p value < 0.010 O p-value < 0.005 (d) Based on your answers in parts (a) to (c), wll you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis of independence? O Since the p-value > a, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.
Unitary Method
The word “unitary” comes from the word “unit”, which means a single and complete entity. In this method, we find the value of a unit product from the given number of products, and then we solve for the other number of products.
Speed, Time, and Distance
Imagine you and 3 of your friends are planning to go to the playground at 6 in the evening. Your house is one mile away from the playground and one of your friends named Jim must start at 5 pm to reach the playground by walk. The other two friends are 3 miles away.
Profit and Loss
The amount earned or lost on the sale of one or more items is referred to as the profit or loss on that item.
Units and Measurements
Measurements and comparisons are the foundation of science and engineering. We, therefore, need rules that tell us how things are measured and compared. For these measurements and comparisons, we perform certain experiments, and we will need the experiments to set up the devices.
![O Mastering Biology
O No
What sampling distribution will you use?
O binomial
O normal
O Student's t
O uniform
O chi-square
What are the degrees of freedom?
(c) Estimate the P value of the sample test statistic.
O P-value > 0.100
O 0.050 < p value < 0.100
O 0.025 < P-value < 0.050
O 0.010 < p-value < 0.025
O 0.005 < P value < 0.010
O p-value < 0.005
(d) Based on your answers in parts (a) to (c), will you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis of independence?
O Since the p-value > a, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.
O Since the P-value > a, we reject the null hypothesis.
O Since the p-value s a, we reject the null hypothesis.
O Since the P-value < a, we fail to refect the null hypothesis.
(e) Interpret your conclusion in the context of the application.
O At the 5% level of significance, the evidence is sufficlent to conclude that the subject distributlon of books in the library is different from that of books checked out by students.
O At the 5% level of significance, the evidence is insufficient to conclude that the subject distribution of books in the library Is different from that of books checked out by students.
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![Tube Mastering Biology -
The director of library services at a college did a survey of types of books (by subject) in the circulation library. Then she used library records to take a random sample of 888 books checked out last term and
classified the books in the sample by subject. The results are shown below.
Percent of Books on Subject in Circulation
Library on This Subject
Number of Books in
Subject Area
Business
Humanities
Natural Science
Social Science
All other subjects
Sample on This Subject
248
226
227
32%
25%
20%
15%
8%
104
83
A USE SALT
Using a 5% level of significance, test the claim that the subject distribution of books in the library fits the distribution of books checked out by students.
(a) What is the level of significance?
State the null and alternate hypotheses.
O Ho: The distributions are :he same.
H,: The distributicns are the same.
O Ho: The distributions are the same.
H: The distributions are di'ferent.
O H: The distributions are different
H: The distributions are the same.
OH The distributions are different.
H,: The distributions are different.
(b) Find the value of the chi-square statistic for the sample. (Round the expected frequencies to three decimal places. Round the test statistic to three decimal places.)
Are all the expected frequencies greater than 5?
O Yes
O No
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