Answered: What pathological conditions are the…

Phlebotomy Essentials

6th Edition

ISBN:9781451194524

Author:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)

Publisher:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)

Chapter1: Phlebotomy: Past And Present And The Healthcare Setting

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1SRQ

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What pathological conditions are the result of
hyposecretion of GH? Describe their symptoms.

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The pituitary gland is a small and oval-shaped endocrine gland that is held in place by the pituitary stalk on the underside of the brain. It plays a vital role in the synthesis and storage of a wide range of essential hormones in the human body such as Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Prolactin, Adrenocorticotropins and growth hormones.
Growth hormone is also known as somatotrophic hormone or somatotropin which is composed of 191 amino acids with a molecular weight of about 22 kDa. The synthesis of growth hormone is carried out by acidophilic cells located in the pituitary gland.
It plays a predominant role in the growth of most of the cells in the body through the increased mitosis which enhances the number of cells in the body and differentiation of the bone and muscle growth cells.
It also contributes to protein synthesis, which increases the body's muscle mass.
Growth hormone stimulates triglyceride breakdown and oxidation in adipocytes, which improves fat consumption.
It also aids in blood glucose regulation by acting as an antagonist to insulin action, suppressing glucose absorption and stimulating glucose synthesis in the liver.

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