What material is a better shield? (assume they have the same thickness)a. copper (d = 9.0 g/cm3)b.lead (d = 11.3 g/cm3)c.concrete (d = 4.0 g/cm3)d.aluminum (d = 2.7 g/cm3)

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Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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What material is a better shield? (assume they have the same thickness)

a. copper (d = 9.0 g/cm³)

b.lead (d = 11.3 g/cm³)
c.concrete (d = 4.0 g/cm³)
d.aluminum (d = 2.7 g/cm³)

Expert Solution

Introduction:

Metals possess definite density value that signifies mass of unit volume. These values are denoted in g/mL and are helpful in making shields used in nuclear process to absorb those radiations in reactions.

Solution:

The density of lead (11.3 g/cm³) is the highest among all.

Due to high atomic mass, it contains the highest number of electrons. Thus, whenever a radiation tries to pass through it, its electrons tend to absorb those radiations and scatter them.

Therefore, it is used as a shield particularly against X-ray and beta-ray radiations.

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