What is the rate of heat transfer by radiation, with an unclothed person standing in a dark room whose ambient temperature is 22.0°C. The person has a normal skin temperature of 33.0°C and a surface area of 1.50 m². The emissivity of skin is 0.97 in the infrared, where the radiation takes place.
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- Heat transfer can take place without any medium. This type of heat transfer is known as heat radiation. In radiative heat transfer, the heat energy is carried by electromagnetic radiation.
- The rate of heat transfer through radiation is given by Stefan-Boltzmann's law of radiation. It is given by,
Here σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, e is the emissivity which defines how well an object radiates energy, A is the area, and T is the absolute temperature in kelvin.
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- The surface area of an unclothed person is 1.50 m2, and his skin temperature is 33.0°C. The person is located in a dark room with a temperature of 20.0°C, and the emissivity of the skin is e = 0.95. (a) At what rate is energy radiated by the body? (b) What is the significance of the sign of your answer?A person steps out of the shower and dries off. The person's skin with an emissivity of 0.70 has a total area of 1.2 m and a temperature of 33 °C. What is the net rate at which energy is lost to the room through radiation by the naked person if the room temperature is 24 °C?Suppose you walk into a sauna that has an ambient temperature of 65.0°C. (a) Calculate the rate of heat transfer to you by radiation given your skin temperature is 37.0°C, the emissivity of skin is 0.98, and the surface area of your body is 1.50 m². (b) If all other forms of heat transfer are balanced (the net heat transfer is zero), at what rate will your body temperature increase if your mass is 60.0 kg? O A. None of the options provided is correct. O B. a) 1.89 kW, b) 137.7°C/h O C. a) 2 kW, b) 10°C/h ○ D. a) 318.5 W, b) 5.46 °C/h ○ E. a) 5.46 W, b) 318.5 °C/h
- To defog the rear window of an automobile, a very thin transparent heating element is attached to the inner surface of the window. A uniform heat flux of 1300 W/m2 is provided to the heating element for defogging a rear window with thickness of 5 mm. The interior temperature of the automobile is 22°C and the convection heat transfer coefficient is 15 W/m2·K. The outside ambient temperature is -5°C and the convection heat transfer coefficient is 100 W/m2·K. If the thermal conductivity of the window is 1.2 W/m·K, determine the inner surface temperature of the window.What is the rate of heat transfer by radiation from the skin of a person standing in a dark room whose ambient temperature is 22 °C ? The person has a normal skin temperature of 33 °C and a surface area of 1.50 m².The emissivity of skin is 0.97 in the infrared, the part of the spectrum where the radiation takes place.If the body’s surface temperature is 35 degrees Celsius, what is the net rate of heat loss on a chilly 4 degrees Celsius day. All human skin is effectively black in the infrared where the radiation occurs, so use an emissivity of 0.97.