What is the normal value? What is the abnormal range? What does it mean with a low value? What does it mean with a high value? What are some signs or symptoms you might see? What interventions might you do about it? What disease processes/medication might be causing the low? What disease processes/medication might be causing the high? Arterial Blood Gase Partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2): 75 - 100 mmHg Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2): 38 - 42 mmHg Arterial blood pH: 7.38 - 7.42 Oxygen saturation (SaO2): 94 - 100% Bicarbonate - (HCO3): 22 - 28 mEq/L
these questions need to be answered for each lab value below.
What is the normal value?
What is the abnormal range?
What does it mean with a low value?
What does it mean with a high value?
What are some signs or symptoms you might see?
What interventions might you do about it?
What disease processes/medication might be causing the low?
What disease processes/medication might be causing the high?
Arterial Blood Gase
Partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2): 75 - 100 mmHg
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2): 38 - 42 mmHg
Arterial blood pH: 7.38 - 7.42
Oxygen saturation (SaO2): 94 - 100%
Bicarbonate - (HCO3): 22 - 28 mEq/L
Lipids
Triglycerides: 50-150 mg/dL
Total cholesterol: 3-5.5 mmol/L
High-density lipoprotein (HDL): 40-80 mg/dL
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): 85-125 mg/dL
Gastrointestinal Tests
Albumin: 35-50 g/L
Alkaline phosphatase: 50-100 U/L
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT): 5-30 U/L
Amylase: 30-125 U/L
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST): 5-30 U/L
Direct bilirubin: 0-6 µmol/L
Gamma glutamyl transferase: 6-50 U/L
Lipase: 10-150 U/L
Total bilirubin: 2-20 µmol/L
Total protein: 60-80 g/L
Hormones
17 hydroxyprogesterone (female, follicular): 0.2-1 mg/L
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH): 4.5-20 pmol/L
Estradiol: 1.5-5 ng/dL (male), 2-14 ng/dL (female, follicular), 2-16 ng/dL (female, luteal), < 3.5 ng/dL (postmenopausal)
Free T3: 0.2-0.5 ng/dL
Free T4: 10-20 pmol/L
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): 1-10 IU/L (male), 1-10 IU/L (female, follicular/luteal), 5-25 IU/L (female, ovulation), 30-110 IU/L (postmenopause)
Growth hormone (fasting) : 0-5 ng/mL
Progesterone: 70-280 (ovulation), ng/dL
Prolactin: < 14 ng/mL
Testosterone (male): 10-25 nmol/L
Thyroxine-binding globulin: 12-30 mg/L
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH): 0.5-5 mIU/L
Total T4: 4.9-11.7 mg/dL
Total T3: 0.7-1.5 ng/dL
Free T3: 0.6-1.6 ng/mL
Tumor Markers
Alpha fetoprotein: 0-44 ng/mL
Beta human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG): < 5 IU/I
CA19.9: < 40 U/mL
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA): < 4 ug/L
Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP): 0-3 U/dL
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA): < 4 ug/L
Miscellaneous
Alpha 1-antitrypsin: 20-50 µmol/L
Angiotensin-converting enzyme: 23-57 U/L
C-reactive protein: < 5 mg/L
D-dimer: < 500 ng/mL
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR): Less than age/2 mm/hour
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH): 50-150 U/L
Lead: < 40 µg/dL
Rheumatoid factor: < 25 IU/ml
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