What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell? ER → Golgi → nucleus ER → lysosomes → vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane Golgi → ER → lysosome ER → Golgi → vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane
Structure and Composition of Cell Membrane
Despite differences in structure and function, all living cells in multicellular organisms are surrounded by a cell membrane. Just like the outer layer of the skin separates the body from its environment similarly, the cell membrane, also known as 'plasma membrane,' separates the inner content from its exterior environment.
Cell Membrane
The cell membrane is known by different names like plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, or biological membrane. The term "cell membrane" was first introduced by C. Nageli and C. Cramer in the year 1855. Later on, in 1931, the term "plasmalemma" for cell membrane was given by J. Plowe. The cell membrane separates the cell's internal environment from the extracellular space. This separation allows the protection of cells from their environment.
Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
The cell is defined as the basic structural and functional unit of life. The cell membrane bounds it. It is capable of independent existence.
![**Question:**
What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?
- ER → Golgi → nucleus
- ER → lysosomes → vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane
- Golgi → ER → lysosome
- ER → Golgi → vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane
**Explanation:**
This multiple-choice question relates to the process of protein secretion within a cell. The correct pathway involves the initial synthesis of proteins in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER). From there, proteins are transported to the Golgi apparatus for further processing and modification. Finally, the proteins are packaged into vesicles that transport and fuse with the plasma membrane, releasing the proteins outside the cell. Therefore, the correct answer is:
- **ER → Golgi → vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane**](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F88a4d88f-5648-4e4d-a49c-10af3e87c66c%2F4f91ba64-9deb-4355-b7b3-279c48b96213%2F4o7tko_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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