Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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### Options for the Major Product:
1. 
- Structure: This molecule has a hydroxyl group (—OH) attached to one of the carbon atoms in the three-carbon chain, specifically, the terminal carbon. The middle carbon bears no additional substituents.
2. 
- Structure: This molecule features a hydroxyl group (—OH) attached to the middle carbon of a three-carbon chain, creating a secondary alcohol.
3. 
- Structure: This compound is an aldehyde with a carbonyl group (═O) attached to the middle carbon of the three-carbon chain.
4. 
- Structure: This compound is a ketone with a carbonyl group (═O) attached to the terminal carbon of the three-carbon chain.
### Explanation:
The hydroboration-oxidation reaction of an alkyne involves two main steps:
1. **Hydroboration:** Addition of BH₃-THF to the alkyne.
2. **Oxidation:** Conversion of the intermediate organoborane to an alcohol using NaOH, H₂O₂, and H₂O.
The hydroboration-oxidation mechanism typically results in the anti-Markovnikov addition of water (—H and —OH groups) to the triple bond. For a terminal alkyne, the hydroxyl group attaches to the less substituted carbon.
### Detailed Process and Outcome:
1. **Formation of Intermediate:** BH₃-THF reacts with the alkyne to form an organoborane intermediate where the boron atom is less substituted.
2. **Oxidation:** This intermediate then reacts with hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide, leading to the replacement of the boron atom with a hydroxyl (—OH) group.
The structure of the correct major product](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fb00ff254-c89e-4d98-9f37-4465f02914e3%2F3d6eb638-3dba-4590-9a61-cc436d32d210%2Fzyae0og_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Reaction Mechanism and Major Product Determination
#### Question:
**What is the major product of the following reaction?**
#### Reaction Conditions:
1. **Reagent:** BH₃-THF
2. **Reagents:** NaOH, H₂O₂, H₂O
#### Given Reactant:
### Options for the Major Product:
1. 
- Structure: This molecule has a hydroxyl group (—OH) attached to one of the carbon atoms in the three-carbon chain, specifically, the terminal carbon. The middle carbon bears no additional substituents.
2. 
- Structure: This molecule features a hydroxyl group (—OH) attached to the middle carbon of a three-carbon chain, creating a secondary alcohol.
3. 
- Structure: This compound is an aldehyde with a carbonyl group (═O) attached to the middle carbon of the three-carbon chain.
4. 
- Structure: This compound is a ketone with a carbonyl group (═O) attached to the terminal carbon of the three-carbon chain.
### Explanation:
The hydroboration-oxidation reaction of an alkyne involves two main steps:
1. **Hydroboration:** Addition of BH₃-THF to the alkyne.
2. **Oxidation:** Conversion of the intermediate organoborane to an alcohol using NaOH, H₂O₂, and H₂O.
The hydroboration-oxidation mechanism typically results in the anti-Markovnikov addition of water (—H and —OH groups) to the triple bond. For a terminal alkyne, the hydroxyl group attaches to the less substituted carbon.
### Detailed Process and Outcome:
1. **Formation of Intermediate:** BH₃-THF reacts with the alkyne to form an organoborane intermediate where the boron atom is less substituted.
2. **Oxidation:** This intermediate then reacts with hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide, leading to the replacement of the boron atom with a hydroxyl (—OH) group.
The structure of the correct major product
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