What is the likely effect of a central bank engaging in open market operations to sell government securities? A. It will increase the money supply in the economy. B. It will decrease the money supply in the economy. C. It will have no effect on the money supply but will increase interest rates. D. It will increase the money supply and decrease interest rates.
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- List the three traditional tools that a central bank has for controlling the money supply.. Assume that the banking system has total reservesof $100 billion. Assume also that required reservesare 10 percent of checking deposits and that bankshold no excess reserves and households hold nocurrency.a. What is the money multiplier? What is the moneysupply?b. If the Fed now raises required reserves to20 percent of deposits, what are the change inreserves and the change in the money supplyExplain whether each of the following eventsincreases or decreases the money supply.a. The Fed buys bonds in open-market operations.b. The Fed reduces the reserve requirement.c. The Fed increases the interest rate it pays onreserves.d. Citibank repays a loan it had previously takenfrom the Fed.e. After a rash of pickpocketing, people decide tohold less currency.f. Fearful of bank runs, bankers decide to hold moreexcess reserves.g. The FOMC increases its target for the federalfunds rate.
- Suppose the Fed buys $1 million of bonds from theFirst National Bank. If the First National Bank and allother banks use the resulting increase in reserves topurchase securities only and not to make loans, whatwill happen to checkable deposits?Suppose the central bank is following a constantmoney-growth-rate rule and the economy is hit witha severe economic downturn. Use an aggregate supply and demand graph to show the possible effects onthe economy. How does this situation reflect on thecredibility of the central bank if it maintains the moneygrowth rule? How does it reflect on the central bank’scredibility if it abandons the money growth rule torespond to the downturn?a. (i).Draw a graph showing equilibrium in the money market. Carefully label all curves andaxes and explainwhy the curves have the slopesthey do.(ii). Using the graph you prepared in a(i), illustrateand explain what happens when the Central Bankdecreases the money supply.(iii).When the Central Bankdecreases the money supply, theequilibrium level ofincome changes. Illustrate andexplain how
- A purchase of U.S. government securities by the Fed causes A. a multiple contraction of the money supply because deposits fall by more than the amount of the securities purchased. B. a contraction of the money supply equal to the amount of the securities because all other transactions occur within the banking system. C. an expansion of the money supply equal to the amount of the securities because all other transactions occur within the banking system. D. a multiple expansion of the money supply because the required reserve ratio is less than oneYou take $100 you had kept under your mattressand deposit it in your bank account. If this $100stays in the banking system as reserves and if bankshold reserves equal to 10 percent of deposits, byhow much does the total amount of deposits in thebanking system increase? By how much does themoney supply increase?A bank may also borrow reserves from its Federal Reserve District Bank at its “discount window.” The interest rate charged is the: A. Federal funds B. Federal funds rate C. Discount rate D. Bank interest rate
- Which of these statements are true? The discount rate is normally equal to the federal funds rate. The federal funds ratre is normall higher than the discount rate. The Federal Funds rate is the rate that banks are charged when they borrow from the Fed. O The discount rate is normally higher than the federal funds rate.suppose the reserve requirement is 10 percent and the balance sheet of the peoples national bank looks like the accompanying example.ASSETSvault cash - $20,000deposits at fed - 30,000securities - 45,000loans - 120,000LIABILITIESchecking deposits - $200,000net worth - 15,000answer the following:A. what are the required reserves of people national bank? does the bank have any excess reserves?B. what is the maximum loan that the bank could extend?C. indicate how the banks balance sheet would be altered if it extended this loan.D. suppose that the required reserves were 20 percent. if this were the case, would the bank be in a position to extend any additional loans? explainAssume that the commercial banking system has 500TL of deposits and the banks hold no excess reserves. The required reserve ratio is 10%. If the Central Bank sells T-bills in the amount of 25TL and banks lend to the maximum extent permitted, assuming no cash drain, loans: a.decrease by 225TL b.decreases by 20TL c.decrease by 100TL d.increase by 25TL e.decrease by 25