Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:**Problem Statement:**
Calculate the concentration of hydroxide ions in a solution formed by dissolving 0.709 grams of Mg(OH)₂ in 449 mL of water. Use appropriate chemical principles to determine the concentration.
**Solution Explanation:**
To find the hydroxide ion concentration, follow these steps:
1. **Determine Moles of Mg(OH)₂:**
- Calculate the molar mass of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂).
- Use the formula: Molar mass of Mg(OH)₂ = 24.31 (Mg) + 2 × (16.00 + 1.01) (OH) = 58.32 g/mol.
2. **Convert Grams to Moles:**
- Moles of Mg(OH)₂ = 0.709 g / 58.32 g/mol.
3. **Determine Hydroxide Ion Concentration:**
- Since Mg(OH)₂ dissociates into Mg²⁺ and 2 OH⁻ ions, the moles of OH⁻ ions = 2 × moles of Mg(OH)₂.
- Convert the volume of water to liters: 449 mL = 0.449 L.
- Calculate the concentration of OH⁻ ions using the formula: Concentration (M) = moles of OH⁻ / 0.449 L.
Each step involves fundamental concepts of stoichiometry, molarity, and chemical reactions to achieve the final hydroxide ion concentration.
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