What is the hydroxide ion concentration of a solution prepared by dissolving 0.709 g of Mg(OH) 2 in 449 mL of water?

Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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**Problem Statement:**

Calculate the concentration of hydroxide ions in a solution formed by dissolving 0.709 grams of Mg(OH)₂ in 449 mL of water. Use appropriate chemical principles to determine the concentration.

**Solution Explanation:**

To find the hydroxide ion concentration, follow these steps:

1. **Determine Moles of Mg(OH)₂:**
   - Calculate the molar mass of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂).
   - Use the formula: Molar mass of Mg(OH)₂ = 24.31 (Mg) + 2 × (16.00 + 1.01) (OH) = 58.32 g/mol.

2. **Convert Grams to Moles:**
   - Moles of Mg(OH)₂ = 0.709 g / 58.32 g/mol.

3. **Determine Hydroxide Ion Concentration:**
   - Since Mg(OH)₂ dissociates into Mg²⁺ and 2 OH⁻ ions, the moles of OH⁻ ions = 2 × moles of Mg(OH)₂.
   - Convert the volume of water to liters: 449 mL = 0.449 L.
   - Calculate the concentration of OH⁻ ions using the formula: Concentration (M) = moles of OH⁻ / 0.449 L.

Each step involves fundamental concepts of stoichiometry, molarity, and chemical reactions to achieve the final hydroxide ion concentration.
Transcribed Image Text:**Problem Statement:** Calculate the concentration of hydroxide ions in a solution formed by dissolving 0.709 grams of Mg(OH)₂ in 449 mL of water. Use appropriate chemical principles to determine the concentration. **Solution Explanation:** To find the hydroxide ion concentration, follow these steps: 1. **Determine Moles of Mg(OH)₂:** - Calculate the molar mass of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂). - Use the formula: Molar mass of Mg(OH)₂ = 24.31 (Mg) + 2 × (16.00 + 1.01) (OH) = 58.32 g/mol. 2. **Convert Grams to Moles:** - Moles of Mg(OH)₂ = 0.709 g / 58.32 g/mol. 3. **Determine Hydroxide Ion Concentration:** - Since Mg(OH)₂ dissociates into Mg²⁺ and 2 OH⁻ ions, the moles of OH⁻ ions = 2 × moles of Mg(OH)₂. - Convert the volume of water to liters: 449 mL = 0.449 L. - Calculate the concentration of OH⁻ ions using the formula: Concentration (M) = moles of OH⁻ / 0.449 L. Each step involves fundamental concepts of stoichiometry, molarity, and chemical reactions to achieve the final hydroxide ion concentration.
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mass of Mg(OH)2=0.709 gVolume of water = 449 mL

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