What is the hybridization state of the nitrogen in ammonia (NH3)? And is ammonia a polar or nonpolar molecule? hyogen hen 2 H Не 4.000 bern ihim 3 boon 5 carton nirogon 7 ogen noon 10 Li Be N Ne 6.941 sodum 1011 aluminium 13 12011 scon 14 14.007 phosphone 15 15909 su 16 20180 nagneskm 12 argon 11 18 Na Mg AI Si P Ar 22.90 potassium 19 24305 caldum 26 galum 31 20.0 gemankun 32 30974 arsonio 32 005 seleriun 34 30048 krypon 36 Scandum Stanum 22 wanatium chromium nanganse 25 ron oobalt nikel copper 20 21 23 24 26 27 28 29 30 33 к Са Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr 39.0 47 2492 antnony 51 44.96 5092 51.996 noyodenun lectnetum 42 54 9 stonn 38 55.45 uhentum 58903 todun patadn 46 63.56 Sver calnim 48 69723 Indum 7261 in 7896 urung 52 rutidum 37 39 40 41 43 44 45 47 49 50 54 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te Хе 1042 platun 1077 go 79 85.468 12176 7.42 batum 56 91224 hahum 72 96.94 101.07 100.91 dun 112.41 114 2 11871 127 60 131.29 eln 71 tungslen 74 Osmn 76 halum 81 kad 82 casiam tartakn tentm nrory pokonium 84 radon 55 57-70 73 75 77 78 83 86 Cs Ba Lu Hf Ta w Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg TI Pb Bi Po At Rn 186 21 bohrm 107 132.91 Irandum 137 33 radium 160 6 Iendum ruthertordun ditrun 105 199.22 106 08 pog 174.97 17849 183.84 190.23 haisium 108 196.97 200.59 204 38 207.2 unungadun 114 200.98 eaborgim 106 uelum unuunun 110 111 notnerun ununbum 87 88 89-102 103 104 109 112 Fr Ra ** Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt UunUuu Uub Uuq lanthanun 57 praseodymiun neodymum peomethun 60 unuaped 65 holrn 67 orbum 68 cerkum torbun dysprosum 66 tuim 69 ytortiun 70 samarium undono 58 59 61 62 63 64 *Lanthanide series La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb 157 25 162.50 17.20 13M1 acinim 89 140.12 therum 90 1401 protactinium uranim 91 144.24 17304 150. niptunum plonum 94 151.6 ameickum 95 158.93 Derkelm 97 164.93 calomium ratenum 98 168.93 Temun nondevn bolum 101 *Actinide series 92 93 96 99 100 102 Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No 2 04 a. sp2 and nonpolar Ob. sp2 and polar sp3 and polar d. sp3d and polar e. sp3 and nonpolar
Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
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