Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
Related questions
Question

**Select the hybridization:**
- ⦿ sp³
- ⭘ sp³d
- ⭘ sp³d²
- ⭘ sp²
- ⭘ sp
In this diagram, a phosphorus atom is bonded to five other atoms, showing a geometrical shape indicative of hybridization. The bonds and lone pairs should be counted to determine the correct hybridization.
---
### Example 2

**Select the hybridization:**
- ⭘ sp²
- ⭘ sp
- ⭘ sp³d²
- ⦿ sp³
- ⭘ sp³d
This diagram shows a phosphorus atom bonded to three other atoms. The arrangement of bonds with lone pairs should be used to identify the hybridization.
---
### Example 3

**Select the hybridization:**
- ⭘ sp²d²
- ⭘ sp³
- ⦿ sp²
- ⭘ sp³d
This diagram depicts a phosphorus atom double bonded to two other atoms in a linear arrangement which also involves lone pairs. The skeletal structure helps in determining the appropriate hybridization.
---
Please review the diagrams and select the correct hybridization state for the phosphorus atoms in each example. The electron geometry and the number of surrounding electron pairs (both bonding and lone pairs) must be considered for accurate determination.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F3e3f76e7-3e2b-4631-a85d-ebd3274410fe%2F62bd3251-e6a6-43af-b9d4-9930243e7ca4%2Fmk3q0nt_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:## Hybridization of Phosphorus Atom Examples
---
### Example 1

**Select the hybridization:**
- ⦿ sp³
- ⭘ sp³d
- ⭘ sp³d²
- ⭘ sp²
- ⭘ sp
In this diagram, a phosphorus atom is bonded to five other atoms, showing a geometrical shape indicative of hybridization. The bonds and lone pairs should be counted to determine the correct hybridization.
---
### Example 2

**Select the hybridization:**
- ⭘ sp²
- ⭘ sp
- ⭘ sp³d²
- ⦿ sp³
- ⭘ sp³d
This diagram shows a phosphorus atom bonded to three other atoms. The arrangement of bonds with lone pairs should be used to identify the hybridization.
---
### Example 3

**Select the hybridization:**
- ⭘ sp²d²
- ⭘ sp³
- ⦿ sp²
- ⭘ sp³d
This diagram depicts a phosphorus atom double bonded to two other atoms in a linear arrangement which also involves lone pairs. The skeletal structure helps in determining the appropriate hybridization.
---
Please review the diagrams and select the correct hybridization state for the phosphorus atoms in each example. The electron geometry and the number of surrounding electron pairs (both bonding and lone pairs) must be considered for accurate determination.
![**Determining the Hybridization of Phosphorus in Each Molecule or Ion**
**[Molecule 1 Diagram Explanation]**
- The left side of the image shows a central phosphorus (P) atom bonded to three chlorine (Cl) atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement.
- Each chlorine atom has three lone pairs of electrons represented by pairs of dots around them.
- The phosphorus atom has no lone pairs shown, indicating it forms three sigma bonds.
**Determine the Hybridization:**
- The options provided for hybridization are:
- \( sp^2 \)
- \( sp \)
- \( sp^3d \)
- \( sp^3 \)
- \( sp^3d^2 \)
**[Molecule 2 Diagram Explanation]**
- The right side of the image shows a central phosphorus (P) atom bonded to five bromine (Br) atoms in a trigonal bipyramidal arrangement.
- Each bromine atom has three lone pairs of electrons represented by pairs of dots around them.
- The phosphorus atom has no lone pairs shown, indicating it forms five sigma bonds.
**Determine the Hybridization:**
- The options provided for hybridization are:
- \( sp^2 \)
- \( sp^3 \)
- \( sp \)
- \( sp^3d \)
- \( sp^3d^2 \)
**Choose the correct hybridization for each phosphorus atom based on their bonding configurations and geometry.**](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F3e3f76e7-3e2b-4631-a85d-ebd3274410fe%2F62bd3251-e6a6-43af-b9d4-9930243e7ca4%2Fe34asf_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Determining the Hybridization of Phosphorus in Each Molecule or Ion**
**[Molecule 1 Diagram Explanation]**
- The left side of the image shows a central phosphorus (P) atom bonded to three chlorine (Cl) atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement.
- Each chlorine atom has three lone pairs of electrons represented by pairs of dots around them.
- The phosphorus atom has no lone pairs shown, indicating it forms three sigma bonds.
**Determine the Hybridization:**
- The options provided for hybridization are:
- \( sp^2 \)
- \( sp \)
- \( sp^3d \)
- \( sp^3 \)
- \( sp^3d^2 \)
**[Molecule 2 Diagram Explanation]**
- The right side of the image shows a central phosphorus (P) atom bonded to five bromine (Br) atoms in a trigonal bipyramidal arrangement.
- Each bromine atom has three lone pairs of electrons represented by pairs of dots around them.
- The phosphorus atom has no lone pairs shown, indicating it forms five sigma bonds.
**Determine the Hybridization:**
- The options provided for hybridization are:
- \( sp^2 \)
- \( sp^3 \)
- \( sp \)
- \( sp^3d \)
- \( sp^3d^2 \)
**Choose the correct hybridization for each phosphorus atom based on their bonding configurations and geometry.**
Expert Solution

This question has been solved!
Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps with 1 images

Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Recommended textbooks for you

Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning

Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education

Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning

Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning

Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education

Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning

Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780078021558
Author:
Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305079373
Author:
William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:
Cengage Learning

Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY