## Hybridization of Phosphorus Atom Examples---### Example 1![Phosphorus Structure 1](#)**Select the hybridization:**- ⦿ sp³- ⭘ sp³d- ⭘ sp³d²- ⭘ sp²- ⭘ spIn this diagram, a phosphorus atom is bonded to five other atoms, showing a geometrical shape indicative of hybridization. The bonds and lone pairs should be counted to determine the correct hybridization.---### Example 2![Phosphorus Structure 2](#)**Select the hybridization:**- ⭘ sp²- ⭘ sp- ⭘ sp³d²- ⦿ sp³- ⭘ sp³dThis diagram shows a phosphorus atom bonded to three other atoms. The arrangement of bonds with lone pairs should be used to identify the hybridization.---### Example 3![Phosphorus Structure 3](#)**Select the hybridization:**- ⭘ sp²d²- ⭘ sp³- ⦿ sp²- ⭘ sp³dThis diagram depicts a phosphorus atom double bonded to two other atoms in a linear arrangement which also involves lone pairs. The skeletal structure helps in determining the appropriate hybridization.---Please review the diagrams and select the correct hybridization state for the phosphorus atoms in each example. The electron geometry and the number of surrounding electron pairs (both bonding and lone pairs) must be considered for accurate determination. **Determining the Hybridization of Phosphorus in Each Molecule or Ion****[Molecule 1 Diagram Explanation]**- The left side of the image shows a central phosphorus (P) atom bonded to three chlorine (Cl) atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement.- Each chlorine atom has three lone pairs of electrons represented by pairs of dots around them.- The phosphorus atom has no lone pairs shown, indicating it forms three sigma bonds.**Determine the Hybridization:**- The options provided for hybridization are: - \( sp^2 \) - \( sp \) - \( sp^3d \) - \( sp^3 \) - \( sp^3d^2 \)**[Molecule 2 Diagram Explanation]**- The right side of the image shows a central phosphorus (P) atom bonded to five bromine (Br) atoms in a trigonal bipyramidal arrangement.- Each bromine atom has three lone pairs of electrons represented by pairs of dots around them.- The phosphorus atom has no lone pairs shown, indicating it forms five sigma bonds.**Determine the Hybridization:**- The options provided for hybridization are: - \( sp^2 \) - \( sp^3 \) - \( sp \) - \( sp^3d \) - \( sp^3d^2 \)**Choose the correct hybridization for each phosphorus atom based on their bonding configurations and geometry.**

Electron groups 4 is sp3, 5 is sp3d

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Determine the hybridization of phosphorus in each molecule or ion.

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10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

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Question

## Hybridization of Phosphorus Atom Examples

---

### Example 1

![Phosphorus Structure 1](#)

**Select the hybridization:**

- ⦿ sp³
- ⭘ sp³d
- ⭘ sp³d²
- ⭘ sp²
- ⭘ sp

In this diagram, a phosphorus atom is bonded to five other atoms, showing a geometrical shape indicative of hybridization. The bonds and lone pairs should be counted to determine the correct hybridization.

---

### Example 2

![Phosphorus Structure 2](#)

**Select the hybridization:**

- ⭘ sp²
- ⭘ sp
- ⭘ sp³d²
- ⦿ sp³
- ⭘ sp³d

This diagram shows a phosphorus atom bonded to three other atoms. The arrangement of bonds with lone pairs should be used to identify the hybridization.

---

### Example 3

![Phosphorus Structure 3](#)

**Select the hybridization:**

- ⭘ sp²d²
- ⭘ sp³
- ⦿ sp²
- ⭘ sp³d

This diagram depicts a phosphorus atom double bonded to two other atoms in a linear arrangement which also involves lone pairs. The skeletal structure helps in determining the appropriate hybridization.

---

Please review the diagrams and select the correct hybridization state for the phosphorus atoms in each example. The electron geometry and the number of surrounding electron pairs (both bonding and lone pairs) must be considered for accurate determination.

**Determining the Hybridization of Phosphorus in Each Molecule or Ion**

**[Molecule 1 Diagram Explanation]**
- The left side of the image shows a central phosphorus (P) atom bonded to three chlorine (Cl) atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement.
- Each chlorine atom has three lone pairs of electrons represented by pairs of dots around them.
- The phosphorus atom has no lone pairs shown, indicating it forms three sigma bonds.

**Determine the Hybridization:**
- The options provided for hybridization are:
- \( sp^2 \)
- \( sp \)
- \( sp^3d \)
- \( sp^3 \)
- \( sp^3d^2 \)

**[Molecule 2 Diagram Explanation]**
- The right side of the image shows a central phosphorus (P) atom bonded to five bromine (Br) atoms in a trigonal bipyramidal arrangement.
- Each bromine atom has three lone pairs of electrons represented by pairs of dots around them.
- The phosphorus atom has no lone pairs shown, indicating it forms five sigma bonds.

**Determine the Hybridization:**
- The options provided for hybridization are:
- \( sp^2 \)
- \( sp^3 \)
- \( sp \)
- \( sp^3d \)
- \( sp^3d^2 \)

**Choose the correct hybridization for each phosphorus atom based on their bonding configurations and geometry.**

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