What is the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom g, for a thermal plasma at a temperature of 30 MeV? Note that at this temperature one should expect that the following particle species are in equilibrium: electrons, neutrinos, and photons.
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- Is the Maxwell - Boltzmann distribution consistent with the following statements? Explain it briefly. a) The most populated quantum levels are always those with the lowest energy. b) Among all energy levels, the particles are distributed equally. c) All microstates are equally probable.SOLVE PLEASEA free neutron has a mean lifetime of 15 minutes when at rest. How fast must it moves to have a mean lifetime of 60 minutes?
- The following set up represents an isolated skeletal muscle with an attached 0.5g weight. The muscle is stimulated once with 8.5V, and the resulting distance the weight moves over time is recorded. Which of the following can you conclude based ONLY on these results? E Simulated Ruler (mm) 5g Distance (mm) 17 N 0 20 40 The muscle contracted isometrically The muscle experienced fatigue after 80 msec The muscle generated maximal tetanic tension at 40 msec The muscle contracted isotonically 100 120 140 160 180 200 Time (msec)A) Explain – based solely on thermodynamic considerations – why the entropy density of a photon cavity is proportional to T 3, independent of the size, shape and material of the cavity. B) Explain why the temperature of the cosmic background radiation is 2.725 K, and how this temperature evolves over. C) How would your answers to part a) and b) differ if we lived in a two-dimensional world?Consider a proton confined within typical nuclear dimensions of 5×10^(−15) m. Estimate the minimum kinetic energy of the proton. Repeat this calculation for an electron confined within typical nuclear dimensions. Comment briefly on the physical significance of your results, given that the nuclear binding energy for a proton is typically in the range 1−10 MeV
- In the pair production process, photon energy gets converted to particle/antiparticle pairs. Imagine a single photon in free space, turning into one electron and one positron (antielectron), each with mass mec?. Assume for simplicity both particles move together with equal momenta in the same direction as the original photon as shown, and the photon disappears. Prove this can't happen!Suppose there are 30 identical blue balls and 15 identical red balls in a bag. Without looking inside the bag, take a ball out of it and write down its color. Repeat this 10 times. What is the probability that 6 of these 10 balls are blue in each of the following situations? 1) What if we return the ball to the bag after each selection and then make the next selection? 2) What if we do not return the ball to the bag after each selection and then make the next selection?