What is Sternberg’s triarchic theory of intelligence?
What is Sternberg’s triarchic theory of intelligence?
Sternberg's Triarchic theory of intelligence (1983) states that intelligent behavior arises from a balance between practical, creative, and analytical abilities. The abilities collectively allow an individual to achieve success. Sternberg viewed intelligence as a combination of distinct components rather than a single ability.
Robert Sternberg (1983) developed the triarchic theory of intelligence, which defined intelligence as comprised of three types of intelligence, practical, creative, and analytical intelligence.
1) Practical Intelligence: Practical intelligence is sometimes referred to as street smarts. In this type of intelligence, individuals solve problems by applying knowledge based on their experiences. It is based upon tacit knowledge, what an individual needs to adapt to a particular environment, that is often not explicitly stated. For example, getting a job is not only based on the resume but also on an individual's ability to communicate effectively and handle a tense situation.
2) Analytical Intelligence: It is closely related to computations and academic problem-solving, problems that require a single solution. According to Sternberg, analytical intelligence is defined as understanding, analyzing, evaluating, comparing, judging, and contrasting. For example, the meaning of the word concave. According to Sternberg, it is mainly observed in individuals who are book smart.
3) Creative Intelligence: Creative intelligence includes reacting appropriately to new situations and developing new ideas successfully. It also is defined as imagining or inventing a solution to solve a problem. For example, writing a new story, paint a new artwork, etc. Unlike analytical intelligence, issues requiring creative intelligence have many possible answers.
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