Q: What effect does an overproduction of the hormone aldosterone have on the concentration of sodium…
A: Aldosterone is made by the adrenal gland which regulates the blood pressure by increasing the salt…
Q: Briefly explain how cAMP increase permeability to water in the epthelial cell of renal tubules?
A: The cAMP is a second messenger. They are intracellular signalling molecules that are released by the…
Q: What are the sources of creatinine excreted in the urine?
A: Muscle contraction requires the use of energy and it is obtained from different sources. The waste…
Q: What are the diseases associated with the presence of bile acids and ketone bodies in urine?
A: Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in the bile of mammals and other vertebrates. They…
Q: How does aldosterone affect the volume of urine excreted?
A: Introduction: Aldosterone is the major mineralocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex (zona…
Q: how does Diabetes mellitus causes renal failure?
A: A type of kidney disease caused by diabetes is known as diabetic kidney disease [DKD], chronic…
Q: Which statement about antidiuretic hormone is TRUE? Antidiuretic hormone increases urine…
A: The antidiuretic hormone, also known as arginine vasopressin, is a peptide made up of nine amino…
Q: Describe Renal Regulation of Calcium and Phosphate Ions?
A: Phosphate is a charged particle (ion) that contains the mineral phosphorus. The body needs…
Q: A patient has a tumor in the adrenal cortex that continuously secretes large amounts of aldosterone.…
A: Answer- Aldosterone is the hormone secreted from the adrenal cortex. it result in the regulation of…
Q: How might dehydration cause the development of kidney stones?
A: The excretory framework is an aloof natural framework that eliminates overabundance, superfluous…
Q: Explain how the nervous system and the excretory system have to work together to maintain water…
A: Hypothalamus controls the activity of the pituitary gland. Pituitary gland is attached to middle of…
Q: kidneys in human beings are used for which purpose?
A: The bean-shaped organ in the renal system is kidneys. The kidneys are present in the retroperitoneal…
Q: Which hormone stimulates reabsorption and secretion by principal cells, and how does this hormone…
A: Over the cells, there is a receptor present within the collecting duct of the kidney to which…
Q: how cAMP increase permeability to water in the epthelial cell of renal tubules? define
A: The aquaporins (AQPs) allows majority of reabsorption of water occurring in the nephron. In the…
Q: What is the Concept of Renal Clearance?
A: Renal clearance is estimated using ratio of glomerular filtration rate.
Q: How do Na-H exchangers on the luminal surface of tubular cells promote bicarbonate reabsorption in…
A: The Na+/H+ exchange aids NaCl reabsorption and luminal surface of the tubular cells. The NHE3 (in…
Q: What is autoregulation in the kidney? What other regulatory mechanisms are at work in renal…
A: Kidneys are the primary organs of the excretory system.
Q: What are the three basic renal processes that lead to the formation of urine?
A: Kidneys are prime excretory organs. They filter blood and form about 1.5 lt of urine daily this…
Q: How does ADH affect the amount of water in the body,and how does it accomplish this? How does this…
A: Antidiuretic hormone, also called Vasopressin, is the hormone synthesised by hypothalamus in the…
Q: What three hormones do the kidneys secrete into the blood?
A: The hormone is the biological messenger of the body. It is manufactured in specific locations of the…
Q: What hormones are activated or synthesized by the kidney?
A: Erythropoietin is produced by the adult liver and kidney. Calcitriol Renin
Q: What is the pathway that blood follows as it enters via the renal artery and later leaves via the…
A: The circulation of blood is an important feature of higher animals for their survival. The blood…
Q: Name the hormone which controls the concentration of sodium in the body.
A: Hormones are the chemical substances produced in the body that controls and regulates the activity…
Q: What three hormones/factors do the kidneys secrete into the blood?
A: Calcitriol is an active form of vitamin D, which is released by kidneys that helps to absorb the…
Q: How does the hormone aldosterone influence potassium levels? a.) It increases potassium secretion by…
A: The RAAS (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system) is operated by JGA (juxtaglomerular apparatus). The…
Q: is
A: The kidney carries out the separation of the waste materials from the body, and the process is…
Q: What hormone decreases the blood pressure by increasing urination?
A: Blood pressure:It is defined as the pressure of the blood inside the arteries.
Q: how does aldosterone affect water and sodium reabsorption and secretion of potassium in the…
A: Aldosterone is a steroid hormone that is produced in the cortex region of the adrenal gland. Its…
Q: Give a diagram ,how cAMP increase permeability to water in the epthelial cell of renal tubules?
A: Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate is a secondary messenger present in the body responsible for cellular…
Q: What are the main functions of the excretory system, elaborate?
A: All vertebrates have a pair of kidneys for excretion. They help to regulate the level of body fluids…
Q: a. What is the effect of aldosterone on sodium, potassium and water reabsorption in the kidneys? a.…
A: a. Aldosterone acts on renal tubules to cause an increase in reabsorption of sodium ions and water…
Q: How does intrarenal acute renal failure differ from postrenal failure?
A: Acute renal failure (ARF) is defined as a rapid decline in renal function that results in the…
Q: State the implication of a high value of NPN in blood and urine.
A: Hi! Thank you for the question, As per the honor code, we are allowed to answer one question at a…
Q: High serum uric acid levels are linked to _____________,_____________, _____________, _____________,…
A: The breakdown of purines forms the uric acid which is removed by the kidneys as a waste byproduct.…
Q: How does the hormone aldosterone influence potassium levels? 1a16 A) It increases potassium…
A: Introduction: The hormone aldosterone functions by regulating the electrolyte balance in the…
Q: Why is protein in the urine a sign of kidney damage? What structures in the kidney are probably…
A: The kidneys are bean-shaped organs that primarily function in glomerular filtration. The nephrons…
Q: What are the major molecules that serve in the excretion ofnitrogen?
A: The two major component of nitrogen excretion is UREA AND AMMONIA.
Q: Does Calcitonin regulate the absorption of sodium ions into the bloodstream?
A: Calcitonin is secreted by parafollicular cells of thyroid gland. It's opposes the effects brought by…
Q: What do natriuretic peptides do in relation to sodium and water homeostasis?
A: The water content within the body is highly regulated by different homeostasis mechanism that…
Q: Is an increase in albumin excretion observed only in pathological urine? Why or why not?
A: Introduction : Serum albumin is a type of protein that may be found in blood plasma. It plays an…
Q: creatinine excretion
A: An increased serum creatinine range indicates that the kidneys are not working properly. The…
Q: What is the function of NaCl in urine formation?
A: Urinary system involves in the clearing or filtering the blood and ridding of wastes that produced…
Q: What is the effect of sympathetic activation on kidney function?
A: The kidney is in charge of the urinary system's main functions. The remaining components of the…
Q: What will happen to urine production if ADH is higher or lower than normal?
A: Antidiuretic hormone is also called vasopressin.It is a hormone synthesized in the hypothalamus but…
What is creatinine, and what might an increase in its concentration in the blood suggest about renal function?
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- Renin is secreted in response to hypovolemia or to an increase in the osmolality of the blood. Provide three possible mechanisms by which these conditions may stimulate rennin secretion. What are the consequences of increased rennin secretion that lead to increased aldosterone secretion? Present this sequence of events. Why are angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) used as a common therapy for hypertension? How do they influence blood pressure? Are plasma levels of renin elevated or depressed in a patient with Conn’s disease? Why?State the implication of a high value of NPN in blood and urine. What does the amount of urea, ammonia, and creatinine in the urine tell us about renal function? Which food substances can lead to an increased value of NPN in the blood?What happens to calcium during urine formation and how does it develop into kidney stones?
- If only a very small amount of urea were present in the interstitial fluid of the kidney instead of its normal concentration, how would it affect the kidney's ability to concentrate urine? asapa)Name the two factors that trigger the release of ADH (vasopressin). b) What happens to plasma osmolarity when there is excessive water loss through sweating and it is not replaced? c) Describe the renal regulation of potassium, where is K+, what is the hormone that is responsible for the secretion of K+, the name of the cells, and the location in the nephron where the fine-tuning of K+ occurs.A. Maintenance of fluid balance is important for the survival of humans. How does antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone contributes to the maintenance of fluid balance?(ii) High blood pressure can result from increased sodium concentration of plasma. What is the main hormone involved in regulation of sodium and how does it affect the sodium content of blood?(iii) Compare intracellular fluid to extracellular fluid in terms of their chemical composition of proteins, sodium and potassium.(b) Explain the morphological changes that will occur and the driving force when red blood cells are place in (i) 2.0 % sodium chloride solution (ii) 0.9 % sodium chloride solution (iii) 0.01 % sodium chloride solution 1. What are the 4 causes of subarachnoid hemorrhage? 2. State the factors involved in congenital berry or saccular aneurysm 3. Mention 5 specific brain tumors that you know. 4. What is dura mater, arachnoid matter and pia matter? 5. What is meningioma 6. What is acute subdural hematoma 7.…
- (a) Identify the two reactions that allow the kidney to produce NH4+. (b) Which gluconeogenic precursor is thereby generated? Describe thepathway by which it can be converted to glucose.During a state of low blood volume and decreased extracellular sodium level (as in cardiac failure), which one of the following occurs? 1) B. Aldosterone is produced by the kidneys, leading to the release of renin, which increases kidney reabsorption of sodium. 2) D. Antidiuretic hormone produced by the kidneys stimulates the production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland, which increases reabsorption of sodium and water retention. 3) A. Renin is produced by the kidneys and is converted to angiotensin, which induces the secretion of aldosterone by the adrenal gland, which in turn increases reabsorption of sodium and retention of water. 4) C. Renin is produced by the adrenal glands, leading to vasoconstriction and production of antidiuretic hormone by the pituitary gland, which increases fluid volume by causing water retention. no references, just homeworkGiven: A patient’s GFR (glomerular filtration rate) is 125 ml/min, and his urine is produced at a rate of 1.25 ml/min. (A) By what factor is the inulin concentrate in his urine. (B) The concentration of glucose in his plasma is 5 mmol/l. His renal reabsorption of glucose is completely inhibited. What would be the concentration of glucose in his urine? (answer parts a and b)