What is Complementation Analysis ?
A variable form of a gene is called an allele. Some genes exist in multiple versions, all of which are found on the same chromosome at the same genetic locus. Humans are considered diploid organisms because they inherit one allele from each parent at each genetic location. A specific gene's genotype is represented by each pair of alleles. If two identical alleles exist at a locus, the genotype is homozygous, and if the two alleles differ, the genotype is heterozygous. Alleles play a role in the phenotypic of an organism, or how it looks on the outside.
In genetics, the complementation analysis, also known as the cis-trans test, is used to determine if two mutations linked to a certain trait are two different variants of the same gene (alleles) or two different genes. For recessive characteristics, the complementation test is helpful. The complementation test can identify whether a recessive trait will be displayed in the future generation when two parent organisms each have two mutant genes in a homozygous recessive condition, causing the recessive trait to be expressed.
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