What formula can I use to find the weight of the barrier
Chapter2: Loads On Structures
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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What formula can I use to find the weight of the barrier?
Transcribed Image Text:The image is a technical drawing of a "New Jersey Barrier," commonly used in traffic management. The diagram provides specific measurements:
- The top width is 6 inches.
- There is a 2-inch measurement shown horizontally, likely indicating spacing for additional structural features.
- The main body height includes the following:
- The upper section is 19 inches.
- The lower section is 32 inches, with the lower portion further divided:
- 10 inches to a horizontal division.
- 3 inches from this division to the base.
- The base width is 24 inches.
The drawing also includes an "AVOID" label, which might suggest areas to avoid when placing or constructing the barrier. The diagram uses simple geometric shapes to convey structural integrity and dimensions. This type of barrier typically redirects vehicles upon impact to improve road safety.
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Concrete and Its Applications
**Concrete Composition and Usage**
Concrete is a mixture of cement, gravel, sand, water, and sometimes other minor additives. Typically, concrete weighs around 145 lbs/ft³. Its weight can vary based on the amount and density of gravel, the amount of air trapped (or “entrained”) in the mix, and the type of cement used. Concrete is the most utilized man-made material globally. As of 2006, approximately 7.5 cubic kilometers of concrete are produced annually—equivalent to over 2 tons per year for each person on Earth.
**Mixing Concrete**
A traditional method for mixing concrete involves combining 1 part cement, 2 parts sand, and 3 parts gravel by volume. Mix the dry ingredients first, then gradually add water until the concrete is workable.
For example, if we combine:
- 1 cubic foot of Portland cement (~100 lb)
- 2 cubic feet of sand (~200 lb)
- 3 cubic feet of gravel (~350 lb)
- About 50 lb of water
This mixture yields approximately 700 lb of concrete. The resulting composition is about 1/7th (14%) cement, 2/7ths (28%) sand, and around half (50%) gravel. The remaining 8% is water, which chemically combines with the cement instead of evaporating.
**The Project: Precast Concrete Products**
A company named “Precast Solutions” manufactures various precast products. Two specific products are highlighted:
1. **Jersey Barrier**
- Length: 10 ft.
- Width: 2 ft. (at base)
- Height: 2’-8”
These barriers are used to separate traffic lanes. A cross-sectional drawing provides detailed specifications.
2. **Flat Wall Panel**
- Dimensions: 10 ft. long by 8 ft. high, with a thickness of 8 inches.
These panels are utilized to provide visual and sound isolation by separating major highways from residential areas.
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