Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Question
At the beginning of the Paleozoic era, animals underwent an adaptive radiation event, called the Cambrian explosion. During this relatively short span of geological time, the ancestors of most animal phyla arose. Classification of taxa at the rank of phylum is based largely on body plan, which is laid out during embryonic development. Answer the questions that follow:
- What environmental condition may have contributed to the Cambrian explosion?
- What is one evolutionary novelty (
phenotypic trait) that also contributed to the Cambrian explosion?
- Genetic and developmental mechanisms also contributed to the Cambrian explosion. Before the Cambrian, animals were small with simple body plans (g., sponges and jellyfish). By the end of the period, larger animals with complex body forms had evolved (e.g., arthropods and vertebrates). Did the following genetic mechanisms impact the evolution of body plan complexity? Provide a brief explanation for each answer.
- gene duplication events
- homeotic gene expression
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