Genetic Recombination
Recombination is crucial to this process because it allows genes to be reassorted into diverse combinations. Genetic recombination is the process of combining genetic components from two different origins into a single unit. In prokaryotes, genetic recombination takes place by the unilateral transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid. It includes transduction, transformation, and conjugation. The genetic exchange occurring between homologous deoxyribonucleic acid sequences (DNA) from two different sources is termed general recombination. For this to happen, an identical sequence of the two recombining molecules is required. The process of genetic exchange which occurs in eukaryotes during sexual reproduction such as meiosis is an example of this type of genetic recombination.
Microbial Genetics
Genes are the functional units of heredity. They transfer characteristic information from parents to the offspring.
What does alphabets G,S,A,T in regards to DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) stores the cell’s genetic information and is present in the nucleus of the cell. DNA holds information which helps carry out the vital functions of the cell.
DNA is transferred from parent to daughter cells during the replication.
The DNA contains sequences of nucleotides which code for specific amino acids, which further form proteins. The formation of proteins in the cells follow two steps:
- Transcription, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into messenger RNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase.
- Translation, in which ribosomes in the cytoplasm or endoplasmic reticulum translate the sequence present on mRNA into proteins.
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