Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that are obtained in foods and living matters in the shape of sugars, cellulose, and starch. The general formula of carbohydrates is Cn(H2O)2. The ratio of H and O present in carbohydrates is identical to water.
Starch
Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate that belongs to the category of polysaccharide carbohydrates.
Mutarotation
The rotation of a particular structure of the chiral compound because of the epimerization is called mutarotation. It is the repercussion of the ring chain tautomerism. In terms of glucose, this can be defined as the modification in the equilibrium of the α- and β- glucose anomers upon its dissolution in the solvent water. This process is usually seen in the chemistry of carbohydrates.
L Sugar
A chemical compound that is represented with a molecular formula C6H12O6 is called L-(-) sugar. At the carbon’s 5th position, the hydroxyl group is placed to the compound’s left and therefore the sugar is represented as L(-)-sugar. It is capable of rotating the polarized light’s plane in the direction anticlockwise. L isomers are one of the 2 isomers formed by the configurational stereochemistry of the carbohydrates.
what do you understand by the term peptisation? explain by giving an suitable example.
In a chemical reaction, when certain substances react to form insoluble solid substances, such reactions are called as precipitation reaction and the insoluble solid form is called as precipitate. For example; the reaction of barium chloride reacts with sulfuric acid to form barium sulfate and hydrochloric acid. Here barium sulfate is an insoluble solid and precipitate formed in the reaction.
The process of conversion of precipitate to colloidal particles by the addition of suitable electrolyte is called as peptisation. The electrolyte is called as peptising agent or stabilizing agent. For example the addition of hydrochloric acid to precipitate of stannic oxide gives a stable sol of stannic oxide. Here the precipitate of stannic oxide changes to sol solution.
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