What could be the cause of a hyperactive thyroid gland? What would be the effects of hypo or hyperthyroidism?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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What could be the cause of a hyperactive thyroid gland? What would be the effects of hypo or hyperthyroidism? 

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Step 1

The primary function of the thyroid gland is to regulate the metabolic functions in the body. This gland is involved in the formation of T3 and T4 hormones that regulates the metabolism of the body. When the thyroid gland secretes surplus of thyroxine hormone, it results in hyperthyroidism or hyperactive thyroid gland. When the thyroid gland does not secrete enough hormones, and then the condition is termed as hypothyroidism.

Step 2

Some of the causes of a hyperactive thyroid gland are as follows:

  • In case of Grave’s disease, the thyroid gland might become overactive and release surplus of thyroxine hormone.
  • When nodules that are present inside the thyroid gland become overactive, it causes hyperactive thyroid gland.
  • Thyroiditis and excessive intake of iodine also causes hyperthyroidism.
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