Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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What are these organisms?
Transcribed Image Text:**Gram Staining and Bacterial Culture on Agar Plates**
**1. Gram Staining:**
- The top section of the image displays two types of bacterial cells distinguished using Gram staining.
- *Gram Positive (+)*: The left image shows purple-stained spherical bacteria (cocci). Gram-positive bacteria retain the crystal violet stain due to their thick peptidoglycan cell wall.
- *Gram Negative (-)*: The right image shows pink or red-stained rod-shaped bacteria (bacilli). Gram-negative bacteria do not retain the crystal violet stain and are counterstained by safranin, which turns them pink, due to their thinner peptidoglycan layer and outer lipid membrane.
**2. Bacterial Growth on Agar Plates:**
- The bottom section of the image shows bacterial growth on two different types of agar plates.
- *Columbia CNA Agar (Gram +)*: The left plate containing Columbia CNA Agar is used to selectively grow Gram-positive bacteria. The red color and growth pattern suggest successful cultivation of Gram-positive bacterial colonies.
- *MacConkey’s Agar (Gram -)*: The right plate with MacConkey’s Agar is designed to grow Gram-negative bacteria. The pink hue of the agar indicates the successful isolation and growth of Gram-negative bacteria, possibly lactose fermenters which appear pink due to acid production from fermentation.
These tools and methods are essential in microbiology for differentiating bacterial types and aiding in identification based on structural and metabolic properties.
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