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What are the two types of cells that help cyanobacteria live on "thin air" and water? What are the roles of these cells? What type of cell helps them survive in harsh conditions?

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter25: Bacteria And Archaea

Section25.4: The Phylogeny Of The Two Prokaryote Domains

Problem 1C

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What are the two types of cells that help cyanobacteria live on "thin air" and water? What are the roles of these cells? What type of cell helps them survive in harsh conditions?

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Cyanobacteria: Cyanobacteria are blue-green algae microorganisms that look like bacteria. Gas vesicles and thick cell walls help cyanobacteria to survive in harsh conditions. They survive in thin air using gas vesicles and thick cell walls help in protecting themselves in bad weather.

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In the diagram below, identify the structures of a cyanobacterial cell based on the following descriptions: a) Outer cellular covering which includes: Mucilaginous layer – outermost layer covering the cell wall; protects the cell from harmful factors of the environment Cell wall – found just below the mucilaginous layer; 2 or 3-layered, the inner layer lies in between the outer wall layer and plasma membrane; the outer layer is made of peptidoglycan Innermost plasma membrane – selectively permeable membrane enclosing the cytoplasm b) Cytoplasm – found below the plasma membrane; the protoplasm which contains structures of different shapes and functions. Lamellae, which contain pigments such as chlorophylls, carotenes, xanthophylls, phycoerythrin and phycocyanin, are located in the peripheral region of cytoplasm. Ribosomes may also be found scattered in the cytoplasm. c) Nucleic material – the nucleoplasm that is centrally located in the cell and contains chromatin in the form…
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