What are the three major steps of phylogenetic reconstruction using the parsimony method? Find the tree with the lowest total number of substitutions. Sequence alignment. Take a large sample of possible trees. 1. Step 1 2. Step 2 3. Step 3

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Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.