Answered: What are the physiological implications…

Science

Biology

What are the physiological implications of excreting waste nitrogen in the form of urate, urea, or ammonia?

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter15: Fluid And Acid-base Balance

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7UC

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: xplain the structure and components of a typical URI. Provide examples of common URI schemes.

A: A URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) is a string of characters that uniquely identifies a resource…

Q: How do sodium, chloride, and potassium works in regulating water balance? Explain in simple terms.

A: Electrolytes play a very crucial role in regulating water balance. Sodium-potassium pump plays a…

Q: what is the role of ADH in water reabsorption?

A: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), commonly known as vasopressin, is a small peptide hormone which…

Q: What are the two mechanisms by which kidneys help maintain blood pH?

A: The kidneys help keep up the equilibrium by discharging hydrogen ions into the pee and re-consuming…

Q: What provides the shortest-term mechanism for preventing acid-base imbalances in the body? The…

A: Decrease in pH of body leads to acid base imbalance. Sometimes acidic nature of body increase and…

Q: of the following states would cause release of aldosterone? A) Infusion of hypertonic saline…

A: It is a hormone released by adrenal glands that is located above the kidney. It plays a crucial role…

Q: If the Tm for a particular amino acid is 220 mg/100 ml and the concentration of that amino acid in…

A: Kidney is the main organ of the excretory system for eliminating waste products such as urea, uric…

Question

What are the physiological implications of excreting waste nitrogen in the form of urate, urea, or ammonia?

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1

VIEW

Step 2

VIEW

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

One type of diuretic given to people with high blood pressure, renal disease and congestive heart failure are thiazide-type diuretics. These drugs inhibit sodium ion reabsorption by inhibiting the transport in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. A) What does it mean to inhibit the transport of sodium ions in the loop of Henle? B) Explain how this inhibition of sodium ions in the loop of Henle could help increase urine production.
Explain the mechanism how furosemide affects kidney tubules. How does this affect K+ balance? How different is the mechanism of thiazide affect urine production? Describe the process of acid-base regulation in human body.
Given: For urea, the rate of excretion equals to the GFR times the urea concentration in plasma. (A) If the urea concentration in plasma is 4.5 mmol/l, what GFR (in l/day) would correspond to an excretion rate of 450 mmol/day. (B) If the urea clearance is 70 ml/min and the GFR is 125 ml/min, what fraction of urea is being reabsorbed. (answer A and B)
In general, how do the kidneys respond in times of acidosis? What substances act as buffers to "trap" H+ in the kidney's filtrate?
If the Tm for a particular amino acid is 220 mg/100 ml and the concentration of that amino acid in the blood is 130 mg/100 ml, the amino acid will Question options: a) not appear in the urine because it is too large to be filtered b) be actively secreted into the filtrate d) be completely reabsorbed by the tubule cells 回Focus English (United States)
(a) Identify the two reactions that allow the kidney to produce NH4+. (b) Which gluconeogenic precursor is thereby generated? Describe thepathway by which it can be converted to glucose.
The Na+-glucose transporters SGLT2 and SGLT1 are located at different levels of the kidney proximal tubule to minimize spillover of the glucose into the urine (See diagram attached) a) Consider the Na+-glucose coupling ratios for SGLT2 and SGLT1. Why would localization of SGLT2 in the early proximal tubule and SGLT1 in the late proximal tubule be advantageous? b) The Michaelis constant (Km) for the SGLT2 and SGLT1 transporters are 2 mM and 0.5 mM, respectively. Is SGLT2 or SGLT1 the higher affinity Na+-glucose transporter? d) Dapagliflozin is an SGLT1 inhibitor and commonly prescribed to treat type 2 diabetes. Why would this be of benefit to a diabetes patient?
Renal Physiology (humans) a) When blood pressure declines, granular cells produce renin, an enzyme that enters the circulatory system and cleaves angiotensinogen. b) Aldosterone acts on cells of the collecting duct to cause both sodium reabsorption into blood and potassium secretion into urine. c) The production of excess aldosterone by an adrenal tumor would indirectly lead to the hyperpolarization of excitable cardiac cells. d) Both (a) and (b) are correct and (c) is incorrect e) Statements (a), (b) and (c) are all correct
Renin is secreted in response to hypovolemia or to an increase in the osmolality of the blood. Provide three possible mechanisms by which these conditions may stimulate rennin secretion. What are the consequences of increased rennin secretion that lead to increased aldosterone secretion? Present this sequence of events. Why are angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) used as a common therapy for hypertension? How do they influence blood pressure? Are plasma levels of renin elevated or depressed in a patient with Conn’s disease? Why?
87. A patient develops increased thirst and urinary frequency shortly after head trauma. If ADH (vasopressin) deficiency is the cause, which of the following changes in osmolality is expected? Osmolality Plasma ↑ ↓ O O O O Urine A) ↑ B) ↑ ↓ ↓
The presence of either protein or glucose in a urinalysis is abnormal, but these two molecules end up in the urine for different reasons. For each of these molecules, briefly describe where in the urine production process (i.e., glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption or tubular secretion) the problem occurs, and why it might happen.
What is the relationship between electrolytes and urine pH? What physiological mechanisms facilitate this relationship?