Answered: What are the major functions of…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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What are the major functions of carbohydrates? Which functional group in a monosaccharide causes it to be reducing sugar?

Expert Solution

Carbohydrates

Chemically, carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones. They have the general formula : (CH₂O)_n.

Depending on their size, they can be:

monosaccharides: single polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone. eg glucose, fructose, galactose etc
disaccharides: two monosaccharides linked via a glycosidic bond. eg Sucrose, lactose, maltose etc
oligosaccharides: a short chain of monosaccharides linked via glycosidic bond
polysaccharides: monosaccharide polymers with 20 to 1000 or more units. eg starch, cellulose, glycogen etc.

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