Answered: What are the key behavioral…

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter52: Animal Behavior

Section52.1: Behavior And Adaptation

Problem 2LO

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Perfect pitch is the ability to identify a note when it is sounded. In a study of this behavior, perfect pitch was found to predominate in females (24 out of 35 in one group). In one group of seven families, individuals in each family had perfect pitch. In two of those families, the affected individuals included a parent and a child. In another group of three families, three or more members (up to five) of each had perfect pitch, and in all three families, two generations were involved. Given this information, what, if any, conclusions can you draw about whether this behavioral trait might be genetic? How would you test your conclusion? What further evidence would be needed to confirm your conclusion?
INTERPRET DATA Look at the two graphs in Figure 52-21. In which experiment did the parentals in the experimental group guard the eggs more closely? In which experiment did the experimental parentals guard the young more closely? Account for these differences. RESULTS: Experiment 1: As indicated on the y-axis, which measures level of parental care, parentals reduced their level of guarding the eggs. Eight of the males in the experimental group abandoned their nests, and egg defense was significantly lower in this group compared with that in the control group. However, after eggs hatched, there was little difference in parental care of the young between the two groups. Experiment 2: During the egg phase, there was little difference in level of parental care between experimental and control groups. However, after eggs hatched, the experimental parentals significantly decreased their level of guarding the nest. CONCLUSION: Male bluegill sunfish adjust their level of parental care according to their level of perceived paternity. In Experiment 1, parentals provided less care when they perceived that the eggs may have been fertilized by sneaker males. After the eggs hatched, olfactory cues indicated that the offspring were indeed their own, and their level of care increased. In Experiment 2, parentals cared for the eggs even though some had been swapped. However, after they hatched, olfactory cues from the offspring indicated that they were not the parentals own offspring. The level of parental care decreased significantly. SOURCE: B.D. Neff, Nature, Vol. 422 (April 17, 2003): 716719. Figure 52-21 Decisions about parental care
Once there was a highly intelligent turkey that had nothing to do but reflect on the worlds regularities. Morning always started out with the sky turning light, followed by the masters footsteps, which were always followed by the appearance of food. Other things varied, but food always followed footsteps. The sequence of events was so predictable that it eventually became the basis of the turkeys theory about the goodness of the world. One morning, after more than 100 confirmations of this theory, the turkey listened for the masters footsteps, heard them, and had its head chopped off. Any scientific theory is modified or discarded upon discovery of contradictory evidence. The absence of absolute certainty has led some people to conclude that theories are irrelevant because they can change. If that is so, should we stop doing scientific research? Why or why not?

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What are the key behavioral characteristics of the howler monkey? For example, preferred habitat, activity pattern (diurnal, nocturnal), ecology, diet (insectivore, gumivore, frugivore, folivore, etc.) locomotor pattern or patterns, and social structure.