What are the functional groups of the IR spectrum below

Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
icon
Related questions
icon
Concept explainers
Question
What are the functional groups of the IR spectrum below
The image presents an infrared (IR) spectrum plot, which is a graph illustrating the transmittance of light through a sample as a function of the wavenumber. 

**Axes:**
- The x-axis represents the wavenumber in inverse centimeters (cm⁻¹), ranging from approximately 4000 cm⁻¹ to 400 cm⁻¹. This axis is indicative of the frequency of infrared light, which correlates with specific vibrational transitions in molecules.
- The y-axis denotes transmittance, shown as a percentage (%), varying from 20% to 70%. Transmittance measures the amount of light that passes through the sample without being absorbed.

**Plot Characteristics:**
- The spectrum displays several peaks and troughs that correspond to different molecular vibrations. Each peak signifies a particular vibrational mode of the sample molecules, offering insight into the sample's molecular structure.
- The broad troughs around 3400 cm⁻¹ might indicate O-H or N-H stretching vibrations, typical in compounds with alcohol or amine functional groups.
- Peaks occurring around 1700 cm⁻¹ often represent C=O stretching vibrations, commonly associated with carbonyl groups in ketones, aldehydes, or carboxylic acids.
- The complex pattern of peaks in the region between 1500 cm⁻¹ and 600 cm⁻¹, known as the fingerprint region, provides detailed information unique to specific molecular structures, aiding in the identification of substances.

This IR spectrum is a valuable tool in analytical chemistry for identifying functional groups and characterizing materials based on their molecular vibrations.
Transcribed Image Text:The image presents an infrared (IR) spectrum plot, which is a graph illustrating the transmittance of light through a sample as a function of the wavenumber. **Axes:** - The x-axis represents the wavenumber in inverse centimeters (cm⁻¹), ranging from approximately 4000 cm⁻¹ to 400 cm⁻¹. This axis is indicative of the frequency of infrared light, which correlates with specific vibrational transitions in molecules. - The y-axis denotes transmittance, shown as a percentage (%), varying from 20% to 70%. Transmittance measures the amount of light that passes through the sample without being absorbed. **Plot Characteristics:** - The spectrum displays several peaks and troughs that correspond to different molecular vibrations. Each peak signifies a particular vibrational mode of the sample molecules, offering insight into the sample's molecular structure. - The broad troughs around 3400 cm⁻¹ might indicate O-H or N-H stretching vibrations, typical in compounds with alcohol or amine functional groups. - Peaks occurring around 1700 cm⁻¹ often represent C=O stretching vibrations, commonly associated with carbonyl groups in ketones, aldehydes, or carboxylic acids. - The complex pattern of peaks in the region between 1500 cm⁻¹ and 600 cm⁻¹, known as the fingerprint region, provides detailed information unique to specific molecular structures, aiding in the identification of substances. This IR spectrum is a valuable tool in analytical chemistry for identifying functional groups and characterizing materials based on their molecular vibrations.
Expert Solution
trending now

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

steps

Step by step

Solved in 4 steps with 4 images

Blurred answer
Knowledge Booster
IR Spectroscopy of Organic Molecules
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
  • SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780078021558
Author:
Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305079373
Author:
William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY