Answered: What are the benefits of using a…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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What are the benefits of using a mixture classification scheme as outlined in DNA Box 14.1? What would be the advantages of using software for deciphering mixture components?

Transcribed Image Text:D.N.A. Box 14.1 Mixture Classification Scheme from the German Stain Commission Several years ago the German Stain Commission, a group man not excluded" (RMNE). Type B mixtures can be decon- of scientists from Germany's Institutes of Legal Medicine, voluted into the major and minor components, usually if developed a three-part classification scheme for DNA mix- they are present with consistent peak-to-height ratios of tures. Simple examples of what a Type A (no major contrib- approximately 4:1. The major component following decon- utor), Type B (major and minor contributors distinguishable), volution can be treated as a single-source profile with a or Type C (low-level DNA with stochastic effects) mixture random match probability (RMP) being calculated. For Type C mixtures, where all alleles may not be seen due to allele dropout, a biostatistical interpretation is not appropriate, might look like at a single STR locus are shown below: and a clear decision about whether to include or exclude a suspect may be difficult to reach. The DNA mixture in Figure 14.4(b) would be classified as Турe A Туре В Туре С a Type A mixture. Biostatistical analysis using the com- bined probability of exclusion (CPE) for the mixture data in Type A mixtures require a biostatistical analysis that can Figure 14.4 is shown in D.N.A. Box 14.2. A mixture classifi- be performed with a likelihood ratio (LR) or combined prob- cation flowchart is shown below based on the three types ability of exclusion (CPE), which is also known as 'random of mixtures. Is the sample a mixture? >2 alleles at a locus, except tri- allelics? NO Single Source DNA Sample Likelihood Ratio [LR] Determine STR profile and compute RMP YES YES Probability of Exclusion [CPE] "RMNE Mixed DNA NO Assume # Sample Contributors? Are # of contributors YES defined? Stochastic Differentiate a Major/Minor Component? NO Effects? NO TYPE A Possible Low Level DNA? A biostatistical analysis must be performed YES YES TҮРЕ В TYPE C Determino component profile(s) and compute RMP for major A biostatistical analysis should not be performed Source: Schneider, P. M., et al. (2009). The German Stain Commission: Recommendations for the interpretation of mixed stains. International Joumal of Legal Medicine, 123, 1-5. [Originally published in German in Rechtsmedizin (2006) 16: 401-404.].

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