What are some factors that increase stroke volume
The heart is a four chambered structure that is responsible for pumping the blood into the arteries and veins of the cardiovascular system. The two upper chambers are called right atrium and left atrium, whereas the two lower chambers are called right ventricle and left ventricle. The specialized cells of the heart include cardiomyocytes and pacemaker cells. The rhythm at which the heart is pumped is controlled by the pacemaker cells. These cells have the ability to get excited and generate current through action potential that causes the contraction of the heart muscle (cardiomyocytes), thereby pumping the blood into the vessels.
The rhythmic pumping of the heart is represented by a cardiac cycle. Thus, the cardiac cycle depicts activity of the heart from the ending of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next. The cycle consists of two phases: diastole and systole. The diastole is the part of the cardiac cycle during which the heart relaxes and is filled with blood. The systole is the part of the cardiac cycle during which the heart contracts after getting refilled with blood. The upper chambers of the heart receive the blood whereas lower chambers discharge the blood from the heart.
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