What are five of the non-specific defenses of the skin?

Q: Describe how the complement system works, and list 3 effects that complement activation has.

A: An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large Y-shaped protein produced by…

Q: How does the skin serve as a protective barrier?

A: The Skin comprised of mainly two layers. Outermost layer is known as "epidermis " and inner layer is…

Q: Explain classical complement pathway?

A: Immunity can be defined as the ability of an organism to fight against infections caused by a…

Q: How is Dermatophytosis managed and controlled in animals and humans?

A: Ringworm, also known as dermatophytosis, is a common fungal infection of the skin, hair, or nails…

Q: Describe the three main functions of the complementsystem.

A: Introduction  Immune cells are very crucial for our health as they protect our body from the foreign…

Q: Outline the fundamental components of the innate defenses.

A: Answer- The human immune system have two different branches-  Innate immune system  Aquired immune…

Q: List seven innate body defense mechanisms, and describe the action of each mechanism.

A: Innate immunity is the body’s immune system that refers to the nonspecific defense mechanisms. This…

Q: Select the best answer or answers from the choices given: All of the following are considered innate…

A: Innate immunity can be defined as the immunity present in the body at the time of the individual's…

Q: Describe how the skin protects against infection.

A: Skin- It is the largest organ of the body and the average thickness of the skin is 1-2 mm but it is…

Q: Contrast the pathways of complement activation.

A: The complement system consists of about thirty serum proteins and also some cell surface…

Q: Select the best answer or answers from the choices given: All of the following are considered innate…

A: Innate immunity can be defined as the immunity present in the body at the time of the individual's…

Q: What is the role of the dendritic cell in infection by HIV?

A: Dendritic cells have a tree-like shape. They are responsible for initiating the adaptive immune…

Q: Explain Activation of the Complement System?

A: The activation of complement results in a variety of biological consequences which can result in…

Q: How do NK cells accomplish the task of eliminating unwanted cells?

A: The lymphoreticular system, which includes lymphoid and reticuloendothelial components, is in charge…

Q: Which type of skin cancer is most dangerous? What are its early warning signs?

A: Skin cancer, or the abnormal proliferation of skin cells, is most often seen on sun-exposed skin.…

Q: Why are there limited number of preparations applied on the skin that causes systemic effects

A: Systemic means affecting the entire body, rather than a single organ or body. There are few drugs…

Q: What triggers the alternative pathway for complement activation?

A: Complementation is a phenomenon that is observed in our immune system which increases the ability…

Q: How is complement activation triggered in the classical complement pathway, and how does complement…

A: The complement system is also known as the complement cascade. It is a part of the immune system. As…

Q: What products do the mast cells release during inflammation, and what are their effects?

A: The immune system is a control network of organs and immune cells that detect and kill foreign…

Q: What are allergic reactions and autoimmune diseases?

A: “In autoimmunity, there is a different type of T-cell involved than in allergies. In an autoimmune…

Q: What do rubor, calor, tumor, and dolor mean?  What is the cause of each in the inflammatory process?

A: Rubor, calor, tumor, and dolor occurs when inflammation occurs in the body. Inflammation refers to…

Q: Identify the major mechanical and chemical defenses that protect internal tissues from microbial…

A: Natural barriers comprise the skin, mucous membranes, tears, earwax, mucus, and stomach…

Q: What is meant by complement fi xation? What are cytolysins?

A: Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins are Y-shaped globular proteins secreted by the plasma…

Q: What are 3 functions of the classical complement pathway

A: Answer: Introduction: The complement system, (Complement= protein) also called as complement…

Q: Thymus was removed from some patients by surgery , so how the T-cells become mature ?

A: The thymus is a lymphoid organ composed of two identically sized lobes, found behind the sternum but…

Q: Describe the general actions of the complement system.

A: Introduction: The complement system is a part of the innate immune system and is involved in…

Q: Distinguish between alternative complement pathway and Lectin pathway.

A: Introduction: Complement proteins: A system of plasma proteins that can be activated directly by…

Q: Explain how unbroken skin, the phagocytic action of neutrophilsand macrophages, inflammation, and…

A: The body has a variety of defense mechanisms to prevent and fight off infections. The physical…

Q: What part of the immune system has been linked to progression of cancer?

A: Immune system is a network of biologicals processes that protects an organism from diseases.

Q: If a person is unable to form iC3, what complement system would this impact most and why?

A: C3 is a protein of the immune system. Complement is a system of plasma protein.

Q: How do the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and respiratory system provide defenses against invading…

A: INTRODUCTION The body's most fundamental and nonspecific defense mechanism is physical defense.…