Weather balloons are high altitude balloons that are capable of reaching an altitude of 40 km (or 25 miles). They are usually filled with hydrogen or helium gas. One such balloon is filled with air that is initially at a temperature of 295 K and at atmospheric pressure. This particular balloon can expand to a maximum diameter of 20 m when it reaches an altitude where the pressure and temperature are 0.028 atm and 190 K respectively. Determine the diameter of the balloon at lift off. m
Kinetic Theory of Gas
The Kinetic Theory of gases is a classical model of gases, according to which gases are composed of molecules/particles that are in random motion. While undergoing this random motion, kinetic energy in molecules can assume random velocity across all directions. It also says that the constituent particles/molecules undergo elastic collision, which means that the total kinetic energy remains constant before and after the collision. The average kinetic energy of the particles also determines the pressure of the gas.
P-V Diagram
A P-V diagram is a very important tool of the branch of physics known as thermodynamics, which is used to analyze the working and hence the efficiency of thermodynamic engines. As the name suggests, it is used to measure the changes in pressure (P) and volume (V) corresponding to the thermodynamic system under study. The P-V diagram is used as an indicator diagram to control the given thermodynamic system.
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