Viruses quickly evolve to be able to infect hosts. Hosts are not helpless in this, many hosts genes evolve quickly to make it harder for viruses to infect cells. Of the following which host genes do you expect to rapidly evolve? cytoskeleton genes histone genes transcription genes receptor genes

Q: The RNA polymerase transcribes the virus’s RNA, making more RNA copies that are translated into…

A: Virus life cycle Most viruses replicate via RNA-dependent RNA polymerases and generate new particles…

Q: Some phages have a modified replication cycle in which infected host cells continue to grow and…

A: The viruses are considered to be non-living when they are out of the host as they lack cellular…

Q: None

A: Herpes simplex virus DNA persists in a latent form that is not removed by acyclovir.This is…

Q: As a general rule, viruses are not considered to be alive based on several reasons. One such reason…

A: Viruses are small, microscopic organisms that contain either RNA or DNA as their genetic material.…

Q: The 5'-Cap on viral MRNA plays a critical role in: Maturation and stability of the MRNA…

A: The 5'-cap on viral mRNA plays a critical role in : A. Maturation and stability of the mRNA B.…

Q: Viral DNA synthesis cannot take place in a resting cell. How is this problem solved? Which one is…

A: The question is asking about the mechanism by which viruses are able to replicate their DNA within a…

Q: what is the genetic material of COVID-19 (the virus currently in pandemic)?…

A: COVID-19 is an emerging infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2…

Q: Which of the following is a known characteristic that can lead to genetic changes in some viruses?…

A: viruses need host cell machinery to replicate themselves.

Q: you want to design a vaccine that contains DNA that can fight against new variant (MU) of COVID-19…

A: A DNA vaccine induces an immune response by transfecting a specific antigen-coding DNA sequence into…

Q: ant viruses are known to be transmitted horizontally and vertically. Vertical transmission is )…

A: Vertical transmission refers to the generational transmission of viruses from parents to their…

Q: A virus (bacteriophage) attaches to a host bacterial cell, inserts the viral DNA into the cell.…

A: Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria.

Q: What happens to individual Vaccinia viral particles that do not possess the genes necessary to…

A: As we know that viruses are simple, noncellular entities consist of either DNA or RNA enclosed in a…

Q: What do you think is the function of viral lysozyme-like enzyme

A: Given: Need to find the fucntion of viral lysosome.

Q: Influenza is an RNA virus. Does it encode for its own polymerase for genome replication?    - yes…

A: The influenza virus is known to cause the condition influenza (commonly called flu). A, B, C, and D…

Q: Assume you isolate a single stranded (+) RNA virus. When you examine the proteins in the virus, you…

A: RNA-dependent RNA polymerase  or RNA polymerase or replicase  is an enzyme that catalyzes the…

Q: Lysogeny can result in all of the following EXCEPT persistent infections a bacteria expressing new…

A: The presence or absence of phage RNAP is used to categorise phage transcriptional regulatory…

Q: Even though viruses are known to take over the host cell's metabolism and use the host enzymes for…

A: Viruses show genomic flexibility and almost all RNA viruses are able to change their host mRNA into…

Q: Which of the following is a difference between a viroid and a virus? O viroids contain some genes…

A: A virus is a microscopic infectious agent that can infect living organisms such as animals, plants,…

Q: As the coronavirus spread globally, its genome changed — mutated — as expected for any virus. These…

A: Viruses are considered as connecting link between the living and nonliving as it possesses the…

Q: The cell is the basic unit of all living things, and viruses which are generally not considered…

A: The process of discriminating between various biological structures aid in understanding the…

Q: Which type of interaction is least harmful to the host?

A: BASIC INFORMATION VIRUS  They are obligate parasites. They are very small in size that is about 20…

Q: Please describe each step mentioned in the figure below illustrating retroviral transfer of DNA into…

A: A retrovirus inserts a copy of its RNA genome into the DNA genome of a host cell where its genome is…

Q: FIGURE 4. The human protein known as PCNA [proliferating cell nuclear antigen] interacts with the…

A: The question asked pertains to a recent study on how the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19,…

Q: TRUE/FALSE All viruses are unable to resist the proteolytic activity (or digestive ordeal) once they…

A: The cells are the smallest structural and functional unit of the body that contain different cell…

Q: A lytic bacteriophage produces Lysozyme and Holin, which causes a host cell to lyse. At which point…

A: Bacteriophage A bacteriophage is described as a bacteria-infected by a virus (bacteria + phage or…

Q: Viral DNA synthesis cannot take place in a resting cell. How is this problem solved? Group of answer…

A: DNA synthesis is the process by which a cell duplicates its DNA to produce two identical copies of…

Q: You are a virologist studying a newly isolated viral strain and have sequenced its genome. You find…

A: Option A is correct.

Q: Which of the following are true about bacteriophages (phages)? Select all correct answers A phage is…

A: Bacteriophages are considered the virus particles that possess a DNA or RNA genome that gets…

Q: 2009 H1N1 pandemic Multiple Answer: Choose all that apply to this diagram target cells for this…

A: In the given question (first) we have to select all the statements that apply. The statements cover…

Q: Match terms with descriptions based on the text above. You can use an answer more than once or not…

A: The terms prevalence and incidence are used to characterize the magnitude of a condition in a…

Q: Select all the correct statement(s) about viruses: Viruses exist in one phase both extracellularly…

A: The objective of the question is to identify the correct statements about viruses from the given…

Q: There are no known viruses capable of transforming normal cells to cancer cells in humans.   true…

A: Microorganisms are those small organisms that are invisible to the naked eye and can be seen only…

Q: Retroviruses are dependent on reverse transcriptase, which does which of the following? Transcribes…

A: Answer- (d) creates a DNA copy of an RNA template In reverse transcription the RNA genome of the…

Q: The genetic material of viruses can come in which form? O Double stranded DNA O Single stranded DNA…

A: Viruses are non cellular entities that contains either DNA or RNA molecules enclosed in a protein…

Q: good reason that SARS-CoV-2 is not as prone to mutation as Influenza A is that: its RNA is…

A: SARS-COV2 is the strain of corona virus that causes disease covid-19, the respiratory illness…

Q: Which best describe the HIV REV protein? Code for proteins necessary for synthesis of the viral…

A: HIV REV Protein:  Rev is a transactivating protein required for HIV-1 (and other lentiviral) protein…

Q: sma agent iplies solely side an organism this by infiltrating the host cell with its genetic…

A: A virus is an infectious entity that replicates sub microscopically inside a live cell. Various…

Q: According to Philip Bell’s viral eukaryogenesis hypothesis, genes for DNA replication, RNA…

A: DNA replication, RNA transcription, protein translation, and histone proteins are the terms related…

Q: Which of the following components of a virus is NOT encoded by its own genome? O capsid of HIV O…

A: HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a retrovirus that primarily infects human immune cells,…

Q: Which one of the following is not true for virus, obligate intracellular parasites?     Viruses…

A: Virus is an infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organisms.They are…

Q: The mRNA has an additional information to make another protein. What is that protein? What is its…

A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Viral Replication

The virus is acellular and considered non-living outside the host cell. The replication of the virus occurs only inside the living cells. Only a few genes are present in the smallest virus, whereas many genes are present in the largest virus. These genes encode specific viral proteins.