vecter u =(=1,0,k) v= (6,-4,2). whit is velne of K for which two nectes are

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ
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---

### Problem Statement

We are given the following vectors:

- **Vector \( \mathbf{u} \)**
\[ \mathbf{u} = (1, -1, k) \]

- **Vector \( \mathbf{v} \)**
\[ \mathbf{v} = (k, -1, 2) \]

**Question:**
What is the value of \( k \) for which the two vectors are orthogonal?

---

### Explanation:

To determine the value of \( k \) for which the two vectors \(\mathbf{u}\) and \(\mathbf{v}\) are orthogonal, we need to recall the definition of orthogonality in terms of the dot product. Two vectors are orthogonal if and only if their dot product is zero.

The dot product of \(\mathbf{u}\) and \(\mathbf{v}\) is given by:
\[ \mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v} = 1 \cdot k + (-1) \cdot (-1) + k \cdot 2 \]

Simplifying this,
\[ \mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v} = k + 1 + 2k = 3k + 1 \]

For the vectors to be orthogonal, the dot product must be zero:
\[ 3k + 1 = 0 \]

Solving for \( k \):
\[ 3k = -1 \]
\[ k = -\frac{1}{3} \]

Therefore, the value of \( k \) for which the vectors \(\mathbf{u} \) and \(\mathbf{v} \) are orthogonal is \( k = -\frac{1}{3} \).

---

This solves the problem and illustrates the process of finding the value of \( k \) for orthogonality using the dot product of vectors.
Transcribed Image Text:Certainly! Here is the transcribed text from the image suitable for an educational website: --- ### Problem Statement We are given the following vectors: - **Vector \( \mathbf{u} \)** \[ \mathbf{u} = (1, -1, k) \] - **Vector \( \mathbf{v} \)** \[ \mathbf{v} = (k, -1, 2) \] **Question:** What is the value of \( k \) for which the two vectors are orthogonal? --- ### Explanation: To determine the value of \( k \) for which the two vectors \(\mathbf{u}\) and \(\mathbf{v}\) are orthogonal, we need to recall the definition of orthogonality in terms of the dot product. Two vectors are orthogonal if and only if their dot product is zero. The dot product of \(\mathbf{u}\) and \(\mathbf{v}\) is given by: \[ \mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v} = 1 \cdot k + (-1) \cdot (-1) + k \cdot 2 \] Simplifying this, \[ \mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v} = k + 1 + 2k = 3k + 1 \] For the vectors to be orthogonal, the dot product must be zero: \[ 3k + 1 = 0 \] Solving for \( k \): \[ 3k = -1 \] \[ k = -\frac{1}{3} \] Therefore, the value of \( k \) for which the vectors \(\mathbf{u} \) and \(\mathbf{v} \) are orthogonal is \( k = -\frac{1}{3} \). --- This solves the problem and illustrates the process of finding the value of \( k \) for orthogonality using the dot product of vectors.
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