Vaporware is the designation for products announced by firms well before their availability. For example, to keep customers from defecting to the impending introduction of Windows 95, Apple Computer announced updates to Mac OS7 in 1994. But it was not introduced until three years later in Mac OS8. Vaporware is seen as a form of commitment, or deception, or simply a marketing ploy. Give an example of vaporware and discuss its value for the firm

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