В.1. a) A profit-maximising firm faces a downward-sloping demand curve for its output and has marginal costs that increase with output. Show, on a single diagram, how its profit maximisation decision can be represented both in terms of a feasible set optimisation and its marginal revenue and marginal cost. Why is there a deadweight less pss in this case? b) Now assume the firm is a typical firm in a perfectly competitive market. Show the firm's optimal choice alongside the market equilibrium, and briefly explain why there is no deadweight loss in this case. c) Assume an initial equilibrium in which the firm in part b) is making a loss. Explain how the market and a typical surviving firm will adjust in these circumstances so that normal nrofits will be made. You should illustrate your answer diagrammatically.

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
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Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions
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I need help with B.2 please.

В.1.
a) A profit-maximising firm faces a downward-sloping demand curve for its output and
has marginal costs that increase with output. Show, on a single diagram, how its
profit maximisation decision can be represented both in terms of a feasible set
optimisation and its marginal revenue and marginal cost. Why is there a deadweight
koss in this case?
b) Now assume the firm is a typical firm in a perfectly competitive market. Show the
firm's optimal choice alongside the market equilibrium, and briefly explain why there
is no deadweight loss in this case.
c) Assume an initial equilibrium in which the firm in part b) is making a loss. Explain
how the market and a typical surviving firm will adjust in these circumstances so that
normal nrofits will be made. You should illustrate your answer diagrammatically.
В.2.
a) Explain why individuals may try to smooth their consumption over their lifetime.
Illustrate this concept with a diagram.
b) Explain how borrowing constraints can impede the process of consumption
smoothing. If many households are affected bv such constraints, explain how this
result in a “Keynesian" consumption function.
may
c) In a closed economy Keynesian Cross framework show how a decline in investment
will lead to a fall in income. Explain the role of the consumption function and the
multiplier in this
process
Transcribed Image Text:В.1. a) A profit-maximising firm faces a downward-sloping demand curve for its output and has marginal costs that increase with output. Show, on a single diagram, how its profit maximisation decision can be represented both in terms of a feasible set optimisation and its marginal revenue and marginal cost. Why is there a deadweight koss in this case? b) Now assume the firm is a typical firm in a perfectly competitive market. Show the firm's optimal choice alongside the market equilibrium, and briefly explain why there is no deadweight loss in this case. c) Assume an initial equilibrium in which the firm in part b) is making a loss. Explain how the market and a typical surviving firm will adjust in these circumstances so that normal nrofits will be made. You should illustrate your answer diagrammatically. В.2. a) Explain why individuals may try to smooth their consumption over their lifetime. Illustrate this concept with a diagram. b) Explain how borrowing constraints can impede the process of consumption smoothing. If many households are affected bv such constraints, explain how this result in a “Keynesian" consumption function. may c) In a closed economy Keynesian Cross framework show how a decline in investment will lead to a fall in income. Explain the role of the consumption function and the multiplier in this process
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