Use the format in the figure below to perform a financial analysis. Create a spreadsheet to perform the analysis and show the NPV, ROI, and year in which payback occurs. Perform a financial analysis for a project using the format provided in Figure 4-5. Assume that the projected costs and benefits for this project are spread over four years as fol- lows: Estimated costs are $200,000 in Year 1 and $30,000 each year in Years 2, 3, and 4. Estimated benefits are $0 in Year 1 and $100,000 each year in Years 2, 3, and 4. Use a 9 percent discount rate, and round the discount factors to two decimal places. Create a spreadsheet or use the business case financials template on the companion website to cal- culate and clearly display the NPV, ROI, and year in which payback occurs. In addition, write a paragraph explaining whether you would recommend investing in this project, based on your financial analysis. Discount rate 8% Assume the project is completed in Year 0 0 Costs Discount factor Discounted costs Benefits Discount factor Discounted benefits Year ROI 1 140,000 40,000 1 0.93 140,000 37,200 34,400 31,600 243,200 2 40,000 0.86 3 Total 112% Payback In Year 1 40,000 0.79 0 200,000 200,000 200,000 1 0.93 0.86 0.79 0 186,000 172,000 158,000 516,000 Discounted benefits - costs (140,000) 148,800 137,600 126,400 272,800 NPV Cumulative benefits - costs (140,000) 8,800 146,400 272,800
Net Present Value
Net present value is the most important concept of finance. It is used to evaluate the investment and financing decisions that involve cash flows occurring over multiple periods. The difference between the present value of cash inflow and cash outflow is termed as net present value (NPV). It is used for capital budgeting and investment planning. It is also used to compare similar investment alternatives.
Investment Decision
The term investment refers to allocating money with the intention of getting positive returns in the future period. For example, an asset would be acquired with the motive of generating income by selling the asset when there is a price increase.
Factors That Complicate Capital Investment Analysis
Capital investment analysis is a way of the budgeting process that companies and the government use to evaluate the profitability of the investment that has been done for the long term. This can include the evaluation of fixed assets such as machinery, equipment, etc.
Capital Budgeting
Capital budgeting is a decision-making process whereby long-term investments is evaluated and selected based on whether such investment is worth pursuing in future or not. It plays an important role in financial decision-making as it impacts the profitability of the business in the long term. The benefits of capital budgeting may be in the form of increased revenue or reduction in cost. The capital budgeting decisions include replacing or rebuilding of the fixed assets, addition of an asset. These long-term investment decisions involve a large number of funds and are irreversible because the market for the second-hand asset may be difficult to find and will have an effect over long-time spam. A right decision can yield favorable returns on the other hand a wrong decision may have an effect on the sustainability of the firm. Capital budgeting helps businesses to understand risks that are involved in undertaking capital investment. It also enables them to choose the option which generates the best return by applying the various capital budgeting techniques.
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