Use information in column (2) of table 1 to conduct a formal test of heteroskedasticity. The dependent variable is the square of the residuals from column (1), while the independent variables are polynomials in the predicted values from column (1). Formally state your hypothesis and explain why this represents a test of heteroskedasticity. Use a 1% level of significance. Note that if an equation has no covariates, R² = 0.

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(c) Use information in column (2) of table 1 to conduct a formal test of
heteroskedasticity. The dependent variable is the square of the residuals
from column (1), while the independent variables are polynomials in the
predicted values from column (1). Formally state your hypothesis and
explain why this represents a test of heteroskedasticity. Use a 1% level
of significance. Note that if an equation has no covariates, R² = 0.
Transcribed Image Text:(c) Use information in column (2) of table 1 to conduct a formal test of heteroskedasticity. The dependent variable is the square of the residuals from column (1), while the independent variables are polynomials in the predicted values from column (1). Formally state your hypothesis and explain why this represents a test of heteroskedasticity. Use a 1% level of significance. Note that if an equation has no covariates, R² = 0.
(1)
Cheat
(2)
(3)
Cheat
(4)
Cheat
(5)
Cheat
(6)
Agg
(7)
Cheat
(8)
Agg
(9)
Cheat
-7.088
-0.148
(0.085)*
0.196
(0.006)***
Aggregate
-0.348
-0.158
-0.163
-0.382
(0.033)***
Firstyear | 0.195
(0.006)***
(0.039)*** (0.023)***
0.093
(0.035)***
0.195
(0.571)***
0.091
0.581
0.000
-0.003
(0.044)***
-0.622
(0.005)***
(0.006)*** (0.002)
(0.005)*** (0.002)
Agg x First
(0.071)***
P(cheat|x)(1)
0.189
(0.133)
P(cheat|x)(1)
2.096
(1.174)*
P(cheat|x)(1)
-0.863
(2.983)
Ethics Mark
-0.357
0.052
(0.030)***
(0.015)***
Programme
0.017
0.072
(0.007)**
(0.002)***
û1 st
6.925
-0.234
(0.572)***
4.435
(0.092)**
0.133
(0.009)*** (0.357)*** | (0.001)*** (0.053)**
0.100
Constant
0.258
0.026
0.140
0.322
0.274
0.594
0.599
(0.021)***
0.100
10000
(0.004)***
0.109
(0.024)***
0.106
(0.023)***
0.085
(0.022)***
0.085
6974
R
0.100
0.002
0.146
N
10000
10000
6974
10000
6974
10000
10000
NOTES: Coefficients with standard error in parentheses. û1) and P(cheat|x)(1) in Column (2) are respectively the residuals and predicted values
from the equation in column (1). û1st is the residual from the previous column. *p < 0.1; **p<0.05;***p< 0.01
Table 1: Linear Probability Models of cheating, with supplementary information
Transcribed Image Text:(1) Cheat (2) (3) Cheat (4) Cheat (5) Cheat (6) Agg (7) Cheat (8) Agg (9) Cheat -7.088 -0.148 (0.085)* 0.196 (0.006)*** Aggregate -0.348 -0.158 -0.163 -0.382 (0.033)*** Firstyear | 0.195 (0.006)*** (0.039)*** (0.023)*** 0.093 (0.035)*** 0.195 (0.571)*** 0.091 0.581 0.000 -0.003 (0.044)*** -0.622 (0.005)*** (0.006)*** (0.002) (0.005)*** (0.002) Agg x First (0.071)*** P(cheat|x)(1) 0.189 (0.133) P(cheat|x)(1) 2.096 (1.174)* P(cheat|x)(1) -0.863 (2.983) Ethics Mark -0.357 0.052 (0.030)*** (0.015)*** Programme 0.017 0.072 (0.007)** (0.002)*** û1 st 6.925 -0.234 (0.572)*** 4.435 (0.092)** 0.133 (0.009)*** (0.357)*** | (0.001)*** (0.053)** 0.100 Constant 0.258 0.026 0.140 0.322 0.274 0.594 0.599 (0.021)*** 0.100 10000 (0.004)*** 0.109 (0.024)*** 0.106 (0.023)*** 0.085 (0.022)*** 0.085 6974 R 0.100 0.002 0.146 N 10000 10000 6974 10000 6974 10000 10000 NOTES: Coefficients with standard error in parentheses. û1) and P(cheat|x)(1) in Column (2) are respectively the residuals and predicted values from the equation in column (1). û1st is the residual from the previous column. *p < 0.1; **p<0.05;***p< 0.01 Table 1: Linear Probability Models of cheating, with supplementary information
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