University Patents. The number of patents a university receives is an indicator of the research level of the university. From a study titled Science and Engineering Indicators issued by the National Science Foundation, we found the number of U.S. patents awarded to a sample of 36 private and public universities to be as follows. 93 27 11 30 9 30 35 20 9 35 24 19 14 29 11 2 55 15 35 2 15 4 16 79 16 22 49 3 69 23 18 41 11 7 34 16 Construct a stem-and-leaf diagram for these data with a. one line per stem.b. two lines per stem.c. Which stem-and-leaf diagram do you nd more useful? Why?

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Types of Bias

Statistics is the study of data collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation. Statistical bias is a characteristic of a statistical technique or its findings in which the expected value deviates from the actual root quantitative parameter being estimated. According to the actual definition of bias, it refers to the tendency of a statistic to overestimate or underestimate a parameter.