Under the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of the eukaryotic cell. The ancestor of mitochondria and chloroplasts original became part of mutualism with a larger host cell. Which of the following best explains this mutualism?     A) The mitochondria and chloroplasts provided specialized reproduction as part of the proto-germ line while the larger host cell provided energy for growth and reproduction.     B) The mitochondria and chloroplasts provided gene products that could be used by the larger host cell for improved parasitization.     C) The mitochondria and chloroplasts provided molecular energy in return for protection by the larger host cell.     D) The mitochondria and chloroplasts produce toxins that the larger cell utilized to defend itself from other cells mutually increasing the defense of all those involved.

Q: You examine a population of dividing cells with an electron microscope, and you see a large, floppy,…

A: A prokaryote undergoing binary fission.

Q: In the late 1960s (and since), Lynn Margulis (and others) provided considerable evidence for the…

A: Endosymbiotic theory states that the eukaryotic cells are a result of endosymbiosis between a larger…

Q: What is one argument against the idea that the nucleus has also become part of a eukaryotic cell via…

A: A prokaryotic cell consists of circular DNA that is free in the cytoplasm without being bound by a…

Q: What are the two organelles in eukaryotes that originated from separate endosymbiotic events from…

A: Endosymbiotic theory explains the evolution of eukaryotic organelles from prokaryotes. Organelles…

Q: I have a pet amoeba. It's name is Stretch. I look at stretch every day with my microscope, feed it,…

A: In discussing the fascinating scenario of Stretch the pet amoeba reproducing through mitosis and…

Q: The diagram below represents single-celled organism A dividing by mitosis to form cells B and C. B A…

A: Mitosis is a kind of cell division, where two identical cells are produced from a parental cell. The…

Q: Describe the process of binary fission in prokaryotes

A: Introduction: Prokaryotic cells are living organisms with a single cell. They do not possess cell…

Q: The separation of the parent cell into two daughter cells fails to occur during the process of…

A: Introduction :- Binary fission is an asexual reproduction method in which a parent cell divides into…

Q: As a certain cell went through S phase, many mistakes were made during DNA replication that could…

A: DNA is the nucleic acids present in the organisms. DNA is the deoxy ribose nucleic acid in which…

Q: How did the development of Margulis' theory aid in our understanding of how complex organisms came…

A: Answer. In 1967, Lynn Margulis developed the endosymbiotic theory. This theory describes how over…

Q: Describe the evidence suggesting mitochondria are descended from prokaryotic infections of larger…

A: On our world, single-celled organisms were our earliest neighbours.  A few of the nearby single…

Q: Across 18.) structure consisting mainly of microtubūles that provides the framework for chromosome…

A: Cell division is an important and essential process that is needed for repair as well as growth and…

Q: What does the Endosymbiotic theory say?

A: Endosymbiotic theory or symbiogenesis is an evolutionary theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells…

Q: Cyclin dependent kinases would exist in similar amounts in the cells at the different stages…

A: Let us analyze each statement individually:- CDK are present in different proportions  in different…

Q: What role did the increase of atmospheric oxygen by prokaryotes play in the development of the…

A: The studies on geological history of oxygen shows that before photosynthesis evolved, the earth's…

Q: Evolution of what biological process is hypothesized to have been made possible by the appearance of…

A: Introduction :- Chlorophyll is a group of green pigments found in the mesosomes of cyanobacteria and…

Q: What have scientists discovered about the limiting factors that control how many times a cell can…

A: A theory known as the Hayflick Limit contributes to our understanding of the processes that underlie…

Q: You treat a cell with a fluorescently-labelled antibody that recognizes microtubules, and you…

A: Microorganisms are valuable tools for studying evolution and genetics, as they can be easily…

Q: Which of the following statements is correct? a) Chloroplasts are only found plants O b)…

A: The following statement is correct.

Q: The kind of cell division that originates two daughter cells each having exactly the same number (as…

A: Cell division is a process by which one parent cell splits into two daughter cells. The cells can be…

Q: Name one molecule/structure that is produced in the cytoplasm and needs to be imported into the…

A: Some molecules are produced in the nucleus and some are in the cytoplasm. After the production of…

Q: Which traits are shared by all eukaryotic cells, and what are the three major lines of evidence that…

A: Traits shared by all eukaryotic cells:  Presence of well defined nucleus that contains the genetic…

Q: After the glacial retreat at the end of the last ice age, some three-spine stickleback fish…

A: INTRODUCTION Evolutionary biology provides the key to understanding the principles governing the…

Q: Rb and Ink4 Cdk inhibitors are able to slow cell cycle progression. a) True Ob) False

A: Some series of steps in which the chromosome and cell materials are double to make copies are known…

Q: The following data indicates the percentage of time an average animal cell spends in each part of…

A: A cell cycle is defined as a series of events which takes place in a cell as it grows and divides. A…

Q: Which of the following is a valid pathway? a) growth factors trigger cyclin D production, cyclin D…

A: Growth factors are naturally occurring substances, such as hormones and cytokines, that stimulate…

Q: Compare the roles of tubulin and actin during eukaryoticcell division with the roles of tubulin-like…

A: Tubulin is a protein that polymerizes into the long chains of cellular filaments and forms…

Q: Explain which eukaryotic organelle about genetically modified people in the future. What is the…

A: Mitochondria and Plastids were once free living prokaryotes. They have retained the bulk of their…

Q: ) after mitotic cell division, each daughter cell must receive ______ amount of DNA 2) DNA+…

A: A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism.…

Evolutionary lineages

An evolutionary lineage is a series of populations of organisms that descend from a common ancestor. Each species in the lineage is the direct consequence of evolutionary change from a common ancestor. A phylogenetic tree is generally used to display lineages visually. Lineages are components of the phylogenetic tree of life. Molecular systematics procedures are widely used to predict lineages.