Ugly Dolls Inc. (UD) is a firm in Mytown that sells its products on a market under monopolistic competition. The cost function of UD is represented by TC = 100+10Q. Lately, because of the UD is making a big amount of profit, some firms enter the market to compete. If the number of firms entering the dolls market increase, we know that, 1. (a) The price of dolls will drop. (b) The average cost of UD will increase. (c) The quantity sold by UD will drop. (d) All the above answers are correct.
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- In 2006, the five leading suppliers of digital cameras in the United States were Canon,Sony, Kodak, Olympus, and Samsung. The combined market share of these five firmswas 60.9 percent. The leading firm was Canon, with a market share of 18.7 percent. Theown price elasticity for Canon’s cameras was –4.0 and the market elasticity of demandwas –1.6. Suppose that in 2006, the average retail price of a Canon digital camera was$240 and that Canon’s marginal cost was $180 per camera. Suppose you were the CEO of Kodak, what would you do to avoid its business failure? Please apply the specific tools from managerial economics to the case analysisIn 2006, the five leading suppliers of digital cameras in the United States were Canon,Sony, Kodak, Olympus, and Samsung. The combined market share of these five firmswas 60.9 percent. The leading firm was Canon, with a market share of 18.7 percent. Theown price elasticity for Canon’s cameras was –4.0 and the market elasticity of demandwas –1.6. Suppose that in 2006, the average retail price of a Canon digital camera was$240 and that Canon’s marginal cost was $180 per camera.1. Based on the above information, discuss industry concentration, demand and market conditions, and the pricing behavior of Canon in 2006 and explain how the industry environment significantly influence the performance of the digital camera firms.2. Suppose you were the CEO of Kodak, what would you do to avoid its business failure? Please apply the specific tools from managerial economics to the case analysIn 2006, the five leading suppliers of digital cameras in the United States were Canon,Sony, Kodak, Olympus, and Samsung. The combined market share of these five firmswas 60.9 percent. The leading firm was Canon, with a market share of 18.7 percent. Theown price elasticity for Canon’s cameras was –4.0 and the market elasticity of demandwas –1.6. Suppose that in 2006, the average retail price of a Canon digital camera was$240 and that Canon’s marginal cost was $180 per camera. Based on the above information, discuss industry concentration, demand and market conditions, and the pricing behavior of Canon in 2006 and explain how the industry environment significantly influence the performance of the digital camera firms
- The following graph depicts the costs incurred by a Local egg seller, Rahim. Rahim is faced with strong competitors who are selling exactly the same product. Use the graph to answer the following questions- Price/Cost per egg MC 12 ATC MR3 AVC MR2 MR1 Quantity 100 200 300 400 a)lf the market price per egg is 8tk, in order to maximize profit how many eggs does Rahim sell? b)lf the price stays at 8tk, what happens in the long run? choose from the following options. option 1: Rahim stops selling eggs. option 2 : New firms enter into the egg market option 3: all existing sellers suffer from an economic loss. c)lf the price falls down to 3tk price, which of the following option does Rahim have in short run? option1: Temporarily shutting down the business business option 2 : staying in generating no profit option 3: indifferent between staying in and going Out of the market. butUsing the information from the previous question, assume that Mytown engages in free trade in the dolls markets with Yourtown, who also faces a market with monopolistic competition. Because of this we can expect that, (a) The numbers of firms operating in this market will not change. (b) At equilibrium the profit of firms will increase. (c) The quantity of types of dolls available to consumers will increase. (d) All the above answers are correct. 2.Cournot’s Model of Duopoly) Joe and Rebecca are small-town ready-mix concrete duopolists. The market demand function is Qd=5500-25P, where P is the price of a cubic metre of concrete and Qd is the number of cubic metres demanded every year. The marginal cost is $40 per cubic metre. Competition in this market is described by the Cournot model. (a)Given Rebecca’s output is 2000, what is Joe’s residual demand function? What is Joe's output so he maximizes his profit? (b)If Rebecca’s output is qR, what is Joe’s best response function? (c)If Joe’s output is qj, what is Rebecca’s best response function? (d)Plot both Joe and Rebecca’s best response functions on one graph, where the the horizontal axis represents Rebecca’s output qR and the vertical axis represents Joe's output qR. (e)What is the meaning of the interception of the two best response functions?
- Consider a simple monopolistic competition industry (many firms) in whicheach firm in the industry has one store. The store costs $200 per week andthe marginal cost is $10 per unit of output in addition to the fixed cost of the store. Hint: Mathematically this problem can be solved just like a monopoly problem. (a) If the typical the demand facing each individual firm is QD = 40−P eachweek, what price will a typical firm in this industry charge? (Hint: IfQD = 40 − P then P = 40 − QD and MR = 40 − 2QD). (b) Is the firm making a positive profit? What is the producer surplus? Whatis the profit after fixed costs? (c) Will new firms enter the market if demand stays the same and new firmsface the same demand and have the same costs? (d) In general, what is the long run profit of an average firm in a monopolistically competitive market.Suppose that the restaurant industry in Honolulu is monopolistically competitive and is currently in Stage 2 equilibrium (firms currently make zero profit). The graph below shows the cost curves for a typical restaurant in this industry. (a) Draw a demand curve and an MR that is consistent with this market being in Stage 2 equilibrium. (b) Show the equilibrium price Now suppose an highly-infectious new virus comes to the island, causing demand for restanrant meals to shift in. (c) What would you expect this change in restaurant demand when the number of firms is fixed? Explain. (d) What would you expect the change in demand to do to the number of meals sold, prices and profits of firms in the long run if firms can enter and exit? What happens to the mumber of restaurants?There are two firms in the market (duopoly). These two firms are competingsimultaneously. The first firm chooses its output level (x) by predicting the second firm’soutput (y). Let c denote the total cost function c(x) = x and c(y) = y. Also, let’s assumethat the inverse demand function is p(Y) = 7 - Y where Y = x + y. (1) Obtain the reactionfunction of the first firm. (2) Find the equilibrium (output and profit of each firm) whentwo firms simultaneously compete
- Suppose you are employed at a monopolistic company as a research (pricing) economist and you are deriving the behavior of two markets based on demand curves given by: Di(P1) 3 50 — Pі D:(p>) — 50 — 2р2 Assume that the marginal cost is constant at $8 a unit. (a) If it can price discriminate, what price should it charge in each market in order to maximize profits? (b) If it can't price discriminate, what price should it charge?PQ 18.02 (and 18.03) Two businesses in a market can decide to increase the amount of stores they operate. If neither business adds new stores they will each earn $10 million in profit; if both add new stores they will each earn $4 million in profit; and if one adds new stores while the other does not, the business adding new stores earns profit of $10 million and the other earns profit of $5 million. If these businesses are not colluding we would expect: Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a both may or may not add new stores. b one business will add new stores and the other will not. c both will add new stores. d neither will add new stores.Exercise 5.5 In this unit we have seen that monopolistically competitive firms could increase the amount they produce and reduce the ATC of production. Why don't they?