Type and energy of radiation RBE! X-rays y rays 1 B rays greater than 32 keV Brays less than 32 keV 1.7 Table 32.2 Relative Biological Effectiveness

Q: How many neutrons per second are emitted spontaneously from a 1 mg sample of 252Cf? For 252Cf assume…

A: Given: T12=2.745y=2.745*365*24*60*60sec T12=86,566,320sec The number of neutrons created per…

Q: Some nuclear power plants use plutonium-239, which is produced in breeder reactors. The…

A: To answer: How long does it take to make 1.00 kg of P239u if the reaction is complete when the…

Q: As a health physicist, you are being consulted about a spill in a radiochemistry lab. The isotope…

A: Given: The spill of 131 Ba is A0=400 mCi. The half life is T=12 days. The radiation level fallen is…

Q: Two patients are diagnosed for radiation exposure. Patient 1 received an accidental radiation dose…

A: Dose Equivalent can be represented as followsDose Equivalent = Radiation dose * Relative Biological…

Q: The isotope 57Co decays by electron capture to 57Fe with a half-life of 272 d. The 57Fe nucleus is…

A: Given: The half life of Cobalt is T1/2=272 d. The activity of Cobalt is A0=2.00 mCi. Part (a) The…

Q: Suppose that the average electric power consumption, day and night, in a typical house is 914 W.…

A: Power consumption in house=914w

Q: A person exposed to fast neutrons receives a radiation dose of 300 rem on part of his hand,…

A: a) The expression for find absorbed radiation is Rab=EeqRBE Here, Rabis absorbed radiation and Eeqis…

Q: A 1.90-kg tumor is being irradiated by a radioactive source. The tumor receives an absorbed dose of…

A: Step 1:Given, the mass of the tumor is m=1.90 kg,the absorbed dese is AD=18.0 Gy=18.0×1.0J/kg=18.0…

Q: 90 A small building has become accidentally contaminated with radioactivity. The longest-lived…

A: Given data :  Strontium atomic mass A = 89.9077 u  Half life of strontium t1/2 = 29.1 year…

Q: Chromium's radioactive isotope 5'Cr has a half-life of 27.7 days and is often used in nuclear…

A: from the given information,

Q: To determine the wear of an automobile engine, a steel compression ring is placed in a nuclear…

A: Using the value of the half life of Fe59, find the value of the disintegration constant λ.…

Q: The activity of a sample of a radioisotope at some time is 10.5 mCi and 0.46 h later it is 7.00 mCi.…

A: Initial activity of isotope is Ro = 10.5 mCi Activity after some time is R = 7.00 mCi Time elapsed…

Q: You do Brachytherapy using 130 capsules filled with 137Cs with a half-life of 30.2y that emits 662…

A:

Q: Radioactive isotopes are often introduced into the body through the bloodstream. Their spread…

A: Given : Half life of 131I (t1/2) = 8.0 d Initial activity (A0) = 325 Bq

Q: What is the specific activity (in Bq/g) if 8.58 µg of an isotope emits 7.4x104 a particles per…

A: Here,Mass of the isotope, m=8.58μg=8.58×10-6 gDecay constant, λ=7.4×104 Decay per minute=7.4×104…

Q: The annual radiation dose from 14C in our bodies is0.01 mSv/y. Each 14C decay emits a β– averaging…

A:

Q: A patient with prostate cancer is treated with implanted seeds that contain the samarium isotope…

A: Given Data:Half life Energy Activity Mass To Determine:The equivalent dose that the gland receives…

Q: In a piece of rock from the Moon, the Rb content is assayed to be 1.89×1010 atoms per gram of…

A:

Q: Calculate the dose in rem/y for the lungs of a weapons plant employee who inhales and retains an…

A: Dose in rem,

Q: The unstable 234Th isotope decays by beta emission with a half-life of 24.5 days. If the initial…

A:

Q: e half-life of 131I is 8.04 days. (a) Convert the half-life to seconds.  s (b) Calculate the decay…

A: "Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, as per strict guidelines to us we will…

Q: Strontium-90 from the testing of nuclear bombs can still be found in the atmosphere. Each decay of…

A: The amount of nuclei initially absorbed is

Q: The plutonium isotope 239Pu is produced as a by-product in nuclear reactors and hence is…

A:

Q: A PuBe source has a neutron activity of 1.6 x 105 Bq. The neutrons are produced by the 9Be(∝ , n)12C…

A: Given, The neutron activity of PuBe is A=1.6×105 Bq product by the neutron through is, B9eα,nC12…

Q: The half-life of 27Mg is 9.50 min. initially there were 3.70× 1012 27Mg nuclei present. How many…

A: Given: The half-life of 27Mg t1/2 = 9.50 min At t=0, the number of nuclei of 27Mg, N0 = 3.70× 1012…

Q: Gamma rays may be used to kill pathogens in ground beef. One irradiation facility uses a 60Co source…

A: We know that 1Ci=3.7×1010decay/sec The given activity is =1.0×106Ci. Then the activity on decay/sec…

Nuclear Reactions

Nuclear reactions are processes in which the fundamental characteristics of a nucleus changes. They change into a completely different nucleus. These processes occur naturally in an unstable nucleus. Bombarding an energetic particle can induce nuclear reactions.  In this article, both the naturally occurring nuclear reactions are termed as radioactive decay and the induced nuclear reactions are further categorized as nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.