Radioactive isotopes are often introduced into the body through the bloodstream. Their spread through the body can then be monitored by detecting the appearance of radiation in different organs. One such tracer is 131 I, a β- emitter with a half-life of 8.0 d. Suppose a scientist introduces a sample with an activity of 325 Bq and watches it spread to the organs. (a) Assuming that all of the sample went to the thyroid gland, what will be the decay rate in that gland 24 d (about 3 1/2 weeks) later? (b) If the decay rate in the thyroid 24 d later is measured to be 17.0 Bq, what percentage of the tracer went to that gland? (c) What isotope remains after the I-131 decays?

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Nuclear Reactions

Nuclear reactions are processes in which the fundamental characteristics of a nucleus changes. They change into a completely different nucleus. These processes occur naturally in an unstable nucleus. Bombarding an energetic particle can induce nuclear reactions.  In this article, both the naturally occurring nuclear reactions are termed as radioactive decay and the induced nuclear reactions are further categorized as nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.