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Two reactions have an error. Circle the reactions that contain mistakes. Explain why. HCI ROOR polymerization NBS hv 3-8 NaOEt HBr NMO

Two reactions have an error. Circle the reactions that contain mistakes. Explain why. HCI ROOR polymerization NBS hv 3-8 NaOEt HBr NMO

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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**Title: Examining Reaction Mechanisms for Errors** **Instructions:** Identify and explain the mistakes in the given reactions. --- **Reactions Overview:** 1. **Reaction 1:** - **Reactants:** Alkene, HCl, ROOR (peroxide) - **Products:** Chlorinated alkane **Diagram Description:** A linear alkene reacts with HCl in the presence of peroxide (ROOR). **Potential Error:** Peroxide initiators typically cause radical addition of HBr to alkenes (anti-Markovnikov), not HCl. This suggests an error in expected reactivity. 2. **Reaction 2:** - **Reactants:** Cyclopentene, NBS, light (hv) - **Products:** Cyclopentyl bromide followed by reaction with NaOEt **Diagram Description:** Cyclopentene undergoes bromination with NBS in the presence of light to form a bromo compound, which then reacts with sodium ethoxide. **Error:** The bromination with NBS should occur at the allylic position for the intermediate stability, not directly on the double bond as implied. 3. **Reaction 3:** - **Reactants:** Cyclopentene derivatives, R group initiator - **Process:** Polymerization **Diagram Description:** These are relevant polymerization mechanisms, presumably leading to a polymer chain repeating the given unit structure. **Note:** Examine expected mechanism of polymerization and the roles of initiators and radicals in the reaction sequence. Generally, no specific error is detailed here. 4. **Reaction 4:** - **Reactants:** Alkene, HBr, NMO - **Products:** Brominated compound **Diagram Description:** An alkene reacts with HBr and NMO. **Potential Error:** NMO serves as an oxidant but typically not involved directly with HBr addition. In conventional anti-Markovnikov addition, peroxides are used, not NMO. --- **Conclusion:** The errors relate primarily to incorrect use of reagents and expected reaction mechanisms. In particular, HCl addition with peroxides and unusual co-reagents in halogenation reactions represent key erroneous methodologies. Understanding radical mechanisms and appropriate reagent roles is essential in correcting these reactions.
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Examining Reaction Mechanisms for Errors** **Instructions:** Identify and explain the mistakes in the given reactions. --- **Reactions Overview:** 1. **Reaction 1:** - **Reactants:** Alkene, HCl, ROOR (peroxide) - **Products:** Chlorinated alkane **Diagram Description:** A linear alkene reacts with HCl in the presence of peroxide (ROOR). **Potential Error:** Peroxide initiators typically cause radical addition of HBr to alkenes (anti-Markovnikov), not HCl. This suggests an error in expected reactivity. 2. **Reaction 2:** - **Reactants:** Cyclopentene, NBS, light (hv) - **Products:** Cyclopentyl bromide followed by reaction with NaOEt **Diagram Description:** Cyclopentene undergoes bromination with NBS in the presence of light to form a bromo compound, which then reacts with sodium ethoxide. **Error:** The bromination with NBS should occur at the allylic position for the intermediate stability, not directly on the double bond as implied. 3. **Reaction 3:** - **Reactants:** Cyclopentene derivatives, R group initiator - **Process:** Polymerization **Diagram Description:** These are relevant polymerization mechanisms, presumably leading to a polymer chain repeating the given unit structure. **Note:** Examine expected mechanism of polymerization and the roles of initiators and radicals in the reaction sequence. Generally, no specific error is detailed here. 4. **Reaction 4:** - **Reactants:** Alkene, HBr, NMO - **Products:** Brominated compound **Diagram Description:** An alkene reacts with HBr and NMO. **Potential Error:** NMO serves as an oxidant but typically not involved directly with HBr addition. In conventional anti-Markovnikov addition, peroxides are used, not NMO. --- **Conclusion:** The errors relate primarily to incorrect use of reagents and expected reaction mechanisms. In particular, HCl addition with peroxides and unusual co-reagents in halogenation reactions represent key erroneous methodologies. Understanding radical mechanisms and appropriate reagent roles is essential in correcting these reactions.
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