Two constant-volume gas thermometers are assembled, one with nitrogen and the other with hydrogen. Both contain enough gas so that p3 = 90.0 kPa. (a) What is the difference between the pressures in the two thermometers if both bulbs are in boiling water? (Hint: See the figure.) (b) Which gas is at higher pressure, nitrogen or hydrogen? Temperature (K) 373.50 373.40 373.30 373.20 373.10 0 -373.125 K 20 40 60 Ps (kPa) 80 N₂ H₂ He 100 120 Indications of the constant- volume gas thermometer for a boiling point of water depending on pressure at the triple point of water for various gases
Kinetic Theory of Gas
The Kinetic Theory of gases is a classical model of gases, according to which gases are composed of molecules/particles that are in random motion. While undergoing this random motion, kinetic energy in molecules can assume random velocity across all directions. It also says that the constituent particles/molecules undergo elastic collision, which means that the total kinetic energy remains constant before and after the collision. The average kinetic energy of the particles also determines the pressure of the gas.
P-V Diagram
A P-V diagram is a very important tool of the branch of physics known as thermodynamics, which is used to analyze the working and hence the efficiency of thermodynamic engines. As the name suggests, it is used to measure the changes in pressure (P) and volume (V) corresponding to the thermodynamic system under study. The P-V diagram is used as an indicator diagram to control the given thermodynamic system.
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