TRUE OR FALSE a. Ray tracing is the technique of determining or following the paths that light rays take. b. Astigmatism is a common vision defect characterized by unevenness or asymmetry in the focus of the eye.

TRUE OR FALSE a. Ray tracing is the technique of determining or following the paths that light rays take. b. Astigmatism is a common vision defect characterized by unevenness or asymmetry in the focus of the eye.

Inquiry into Physics

8th Edition

ISBN:9781337515863

Author:Ostdiek

Publisher:Ostdiek

Chapter9: Optics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1OEA: Give three advantages that the Fresnel lens design has over that of a conventional lens with the...

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Unreasonable results Light traveling from water to a gemstone strikes the surface at an angle of 80.00 and has an angle of refraction of 15.2°. (a) What is the speed of light in the gemstone? (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?
Endoscopes are medical instruments used to examine the gastrointestinal tract and other cavities inside the body. The light required for examination is conducted from an outside source along a long, flexible bundle of optical fibers to the tip, where it exits and illuminates the internal cavity. A lens on the lip collects an image of the lighted cavity and another fiber bundle conducts the image back along the endoscope to an eyepiece for viewing (Fig. P22.52). If each fiber in the bundle has diameter d = 1.00 104 m and refractive index n = 1.40, find the smallest outside radius R permitted for a bend in the fiber if no light is to escape. Figure P22.52
Pierre de Fermat (16011665) showed that whenever light travels from one point to another, its actual path is the path that requires the smallest time interval. This statement is known as Fermats principle. The simplest example is for light propagating in a homogeneous medium. It moves in a straight line because a straight line is the shortest distance between two points. Derive Snells law of refraction from Fermats principle. Proceed as follows. In Figure P34.54, a light ray travels from point P in medium 1 to point Q in medium 2. The two points are, respectively, at perpendicular distances a and b from the interface. The displacement from P to Q has the component d parallel to the interface, and we let x represent the coordinate of the point where the ray enters the second medium. Let t = 0 be the instant the light starts from P. (a) Show that the time at which the light arrives at Q is t=r1v1+r2v2=n1a2+x2c+n2b2+(dx)2c (b) To obtain the value of x for which t has its minimum value, differentiate t with respect to x and set the derivative equal to zero. Show that the result implies n1xa2+x2=n2(dx)b2+(dx)2 (c) Show that this expression in turn gives Snells law. n1sin1=n2sin2 Figure P34.54 Problems 54 and 55.
Give three advantages that the Fresnel lens design has over that of a conventional lens with the same size and focal length.
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A laser beam consists of parallel rays of light. To convert this light to the diverging rays required for a scanning confocal microscope requiresA. A converging lens.B. A diverging lens.C. Either a converging or a diverging lens.
Which of the following scenarios does NOT result in refraction? a. The light must enter the medium parallel to the normal. b. Both the incident and refracting media must be transparent. C. The light must enter the medium at an angle > 0° with respect to the normal. d. Both substances must have different indices of refraction
A ray of light passes from medium A to medium B. If the angle of incidence is 30° and the angle of refraction is 38°, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. The index of refraction of A is greater than the index of refraction of B. B. The index of refraction of A is lower than the index of refraction of B. C. A and B have equal indices of refraction. D. It cannot be determined unless at least one index of refraction was given. E. It cannot be determined unless the types of material of the two media were given.
38. Which of the following statements, regarding the nature of light, is/are true? Statement A: When light travels from one medium into another medium it must slow down. Statement B: When light slows down as it enters into a new medium it must bend. Statement C: When light travels from one medium to another it can both reflect and refract. Statement D: Refraction of light will occur regardless of the angle of incidence. A. Statements A is true. B. Statements B is true. C. Statements C is true. D. Statements D is true.
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iiii. A ray of light strikes one of two mirrors that meet at a 60o angle as shown below. As the angle of incidence θ is increased, the angle between the final reflected ray and the incident ray a. increases. b. remains the same. c. decreases. d. The question cannot be answered without solving each incident angle individually.
22.A. The law that states the relationship between the incident and refracted rays is calledA. Snell's law.B. Fresnel's law.C. Einstein's law.D. Job's law.22.B. Which of the following was one of the first fiber-optic connectors (now obsolete)?A. BiconicB. LCC. EBD. MPOMTP