Total internal reflection has important applications in fibre optic surgery. A long, narrow optical fibre is used in microsurgery for lessening trauma and the chance of infection, and for reducing the healing period. Light within an optical fibre undergoes total internal reflection hundreds of thousands of times without escaping. The critical angle at the glass-air interface (nalass = 1.55, nair = 1.00) is

Total internal reflection has important applications in fibre optic surgery. A long, narrow optical fibre is used in microsurgery for lessening trauma and the chance of infection, and for reducing the healing period. Light within an optical fibre undergoes total internal reflection hundreds of thousands of times without escaping. The critical angle at the glass-air interface (nalass = 1.55, nair = 1.00) is

College Physics

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305952300

Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...

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A block of glass has an index of refraction equal to n_g=1.68. The glass is surrounded by oil which has an index of refraction of n_o=1.28. What is the largest incident angle (deg) possible in the glass before the ray undergoes total internal reflection?
The figure shows an optical fiber in which a central plastic core of index of refraction n1 = 1.60 is surrounded by a plastic sheath of index of refraction n2 = 1.52. Light can travel along different paths within the central core, leading to different travel times through the fiber. This causes an initially short pulse of light to spread as it travels along the fiber, resulting in information loss. Consider light that travels directly along the central axis of the fiber and light that is repeatedly reflected at the critical angle along the core-sheath interface, reflecting from side to side as it travels down the central core. If the fiber length is 370 m, what is the difference in the travel times along these two routes? NUmber i 99 Units ns
Using filters, a photographer has created a beam of light consisting of three wavelengths: 400 nm (violet), 500 nm (green), and 650 nm (red). She aims the beam so that it passes through air and then enters a block of crown glass. The beam enters the glass at an incidence angle of θ1 = 41.6°. The glass block has the following indices of refraction for the respective wavelengths in the light beam. wavelength (nm) 400 500 650 index of refraction n400 nm = 1.53 n500 nm = 1.52 n650 nm = 1.51 (a) Upon entering the glass, are all three wavelengths refracted equally, or is one bent more than the others? 400 nm light is bent the most 500 nm light is bent the most 650 nm light is bent the most all colors are refracted alike (b) What are the respective angles of refraction (in degrees) for the three wavelengths? (Enter each value to at least two decimal places.) (i) θ400 nm ° (ii) θ500 nm ° (iii) θ650 nm °
You have a beaker with a layer of olive oil floating on top of water. A ray of light travels through the oil and is incident on the water with an angle of 36.0°. Using the index of refraction of the oil as 1.470 and the index of refraction of water as 1.333, determine the critical angle in oil for the oil-water interface. Determine if the ray of light refracts into the water or reflects off the oil-water interface back into the oil. refracts into the water reflects back into the oil
Problem 20: Let the index of refraction for air be 1.00, and let the index of refraction for the type of glass in this problem be 1.51. A light beam in air has an angle of incidence of 12.7° at the surface of a glass plate. Part (a) Calculate the angle of reflection, in degrees. Oreflection = Part (b) Calculate the angle of refraction, in degrees.
An object is placed 10.1 cm in front of the cornea. (The cornea is thin ans has approximately parallel sides so that the reflection that occurs as light travels from air to cornea to aqueous humor is essentially the same as though the aqueous humor were directly in contact with the air. The aqueous humor has index of refraction n = 1.34 and the radius of curvature of cornea is 7.8 mm.) (a) What is the image distance for the image formed by the cornea alone? (b) The image formed by the cornea serves as an object for the lens. Treat the lens as a thin lens 8 mm behind the cornea. Find the optical power of the lens necessary to form an image on the retina, 25 mm from the center of the lens.
The critical angle for a total internal reflection at air and glass interface is 39.0°. What is the speed of light in this glass? (c = 3.00×108 m/s)
Air has an index of refraction of 1.00. Water has an index of refraction of 1.33. Consider a pool of water that is perfectly calm and 3.21 meters deep. A ray of light (or a laser beam, if you like) enters the water, refracts, and ultimately hits the bottom of the pool. Find the distance between the point where the light enters the water and the point where the light hits the bottom of the pool if the angle between the ray in air and the surface of the pool is 46.4 degrees. Answer in meters.
Light reflected from the front surface of a zircon windowpane (n = 1.923) has an intensity I₁. Light entering the glass undergoes multiple reflections. Let I2 be the intensity of light reflected after only one reflection at the back surface of the glass. Find the ratio I2/11. Assume normal incidence.
Using filters, a physicist has created a beam of light consisting of three wavelengths: 400 nm (violet), 500 nm (green), and 650 nm (red). She aims the beam so that it passes through air and then enters a block of crown glass. The beam enters the glass at an incidence angle of ?1 = 31.5°. The glass block has the following indices of refraction for the respective wavelengths in the light beam. wavelength (nm) 400 500 650 index of refraction n400 nm = 1.53 n500 nm = 1.52 n650 nm = 1.51 (a) Upon entering the glass, are all three wavelengths refracted equally, or is one bent more than the others? (b) What are the respective angles of refraction (in degrees) for the three wavelengths? (Enter each value to at least two decimal places.) (i) ?400 nm (ii) ?500 nm (iii) ?650 nm
An object is placed 9.50 cm in front of the cornea. (The cornea is thin ans has approximately parallel sides so that the reflection that occurs as light travels from air to cornea to aqueous humor is essentially the same as though the aqueous humor were directly in contact with the air. The aqueous humor has index of refraction n = 1.34 and the radius of curvature of cornea is 7.8 mm.) (a) What is the image distance for the image formed by the cornea alone? (b) The image formed by the cornea serves as an object for the lens. Treat the lens as a thin lens 4 mm behind the cornea. Find the optical power of the lens necessary to form an image on the retina, 23 mm from the center of the lens.
The critical angle for total internal reflection within a fiber optic cable is θC = 24.1°. What is the index of refraction (n) for the material it's made from?