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tô make a larger volume of the solution. Example: An IV saline solution is based on 0.9% NaCl = 0.9g/100mL (dL). To make 1L of the same concentration (0.9%), how many grams of NaCI would we need? %3D

tô make a larger volume of the solution. Example: An IV saline solution is based on 0.9% NaCl = 0.9g/100mL (dL). To make 1L of the same concentration (0.9%), how many grams of NaCI would we need? %3D

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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scaling up Solutions Sometimes we know the concentration of a solute but we need to make a larger volume of the solution. Example: An IV saline solution is based on 0.9% NaCI = 0.9g/100mL (dL). To make 1L of the same concentration (0.9%), how many grams of NaCl would we need? Hint: first convert mL or dL to L. Next, to get from our original volume of 0.1 L to our desired volume of 1L, we need to multiply by a factor of 10. If we want to keep the concentration of this solution the same (0.9%) we will also need to multiply the amount of solute by the same factor of 10. Molar Ratios and Chemical Equations The concept of the mole is useful in chemical reactions. Molecules react in molar ratios which are expressed in equations. Neutralization of an Acid Example: HCI + NaOH → NaCI + H2O This equation says that 1 mole of acid is neutralized by 1 mole of base to produce 1 mole of salt and 1 mole of water. Since a mole is the MW in grams, then you can calculate how much base you need to to neutralize a known weight of acid.
Transcribed Image Text:scaling up Solutions Sometimes we know the concentration of a solute but we need to make a larger volume of the solution. Example: An IV saline solution is based on 0.9% NaCI = 0.9g/100mL (dL). To make 1L of the same concentration (0.9%), how many grams of NaCl would we need? Hint: first convert mL or dL to L. Next, to get from our original volume of 0.1 L to our desired volume of 1L, we need to multiply by a factor of 10. If we want to keep the concentration of this solution the same (0.9%) we will also need to multiply the amount of solute by the same factor of 10. Molar Ratios and Chemical Equations The concept of the mole is useful in chemical reactions. Molecules react in molar ratios which are expressed in equations. Neutralization of an Acid Example: HCI + NaOH → NaCI + H2O This equation says that 1 mole of acid is neutralized by 1 mole of base to produce 1 mole of salt and 1 mole of water. Since a mole is the MW in grams, then you can calculate how much base you need to to neutralize a known weight of acid.
Expert Solution
Step 1

Concentration: Concentration in chemistry refers to quantity of solute (moles of solute) present in known solvent (volume). It may be defined in terms of Molarity and Molality.

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